Roy Dulon, Didar Nishat Binte, Sarker Smita, Rahman Khan Md Arafat, Latifa Gulshan Ara
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh.
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2022 Jun 28;8(7):e09825. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09825. eCollection 2022 Jul.
The purpose of this study was to determine the fish species composition and appraise the status of fish diversity through sampling in six sample locations and to observe the socio economic conditions of the fishermen surrounding the river during the study period. There were 81 fish species found, classified into 13 orders, 40 families, and 69 genera. The most dominant order was Perciformes (55.42 %), followed by Clupeiformes (20.44 %), Cypriniformes (8.96 %), Siluriformes (8.13 %), and others (7.05%). To illustrate the species diversity, fish species richness and evenness in sampling areas, indices of fish community viz. Shannon-Wiener's Index (H), Simpson's Dominance Index (D), Simpson's Diversity Index (1-D), Margalef's Index (d) and Gibson's Evenness (€) were used and 3.29-3.48, 0.05-0.069, 0.93-0.95, 6.88-8.43 and 0.39-0.49 respectively were the overall values of the indices. S1 station is significantly differ in species richness from the rest of the five stations (P < 0.05). The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) displayed significant (P-value < 0.05) variations in fish community among stations and months. In compliance with similarity percentage (SIMPER) analysis, 35.8% similarities were observed among the fish species from different stations, while 59.36% similarities were detected among the fish species from different months. One species is critically endangered (CR), three species are nearly threatened, eight species are endangered (EN), and eight species are vulnerable among the 81 fish species recorded at various sampling locations. The socioeconomic conditions of fishermen were determined on the basis of a personal interview and focus group discussion. Unfair fishing practices as well as environmental instabilities such as reduced water volume, increased sedimentation, water abstraction, and pollution have ravaged fish habitat and diminished fish diversity over time. As a result, fish preservation in the Andharmanik River has become imperative, and an integrated management plan should be designed and executed as soon as possible.
本研究的目的是通过在六个采样地点进行采样来确定鱼类物种组成并评估鱼类多样性状况，并在研究期间观察河流周边渔民的社会经济状况。共发现81种鱼类，分为13目、40科和69属。最主要的目是鲈形目（55.42%），其次是鲱形目（20.44%）、鲤形目（8.96%）、鲶形目（8.13%）和其他目（7.05%）。为说明采样区域的物种多样性、鱼类物种丰富度和均匀度，使用了鱼类群落指数，即香农-威纳指数（H）、辛普森优势度指数（D）、辛普森多样性指数（1-D）、马加莱夫指数（d）和吉布森均匀度指数（€），这些指数的总体值分别为3.29 - 3.48、0.05 - 0.069、0.93 - 0.95、6.88 - 8.43和0.39 - 0.49。S1站的物种丰富度与其他五个站有显著差异（P < 0.05）。相似性分析（ANOSIM）显示不同站点和月份之间的鱼类群落存在显著（P值 < 0.05）差异。根据相似百分比（SIMPER）分析，不同站点的鱼类物种之间观察到35.8%的相似性，而不同月份的鱼类物种之间检测到59.36%的相似性。在各个采样地点记录的81种鱼类中，有1种极度濒危（CR），3种近危，8种濒危（EN），8种易危。渔民的社会经济状况是通过个人访谈和焦点小组讨论确定的。不公平的捕鱼行为以及诸如水量减少、泥沙淤积增加、取水和污染等环境不稳定因素随着时间的推移破坏了鱼类栖息地并减少了鱼类多样性。因此，在安达曼尼克河进行鱼类保护已变得势在必行，应尽快制定并实施综合管理计划。
