Labcorp Early Development Laboratories Limited, Huntingdon, UK.
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.
Toxicol Pathol. 2022 Aug;50(6):776-786. doi: 10.1177/01926233221105391. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
A retrospective study was performed to establish the causes of mortality and incidence patterns of tumors in young (<50 weeks) control CD-1® mice from Charles River Laboratories. Tumor incidences (fatal and nonfatal) and nonneoplastic causes of death observed during the first 50 weeks of the study were collected from 48 thirteen-week toxicity studies conducted between 2009 and 2018 and from 43 carcinogenicity studies conducted between 2005 and 2018. Thirteen-week studies had a mortality rate of 8/620 (1.3%) in males and 4/620 (0.65%) in females. The major factors contributing to death were integument lesions in males (3/8) and experimental procedure-related injuries in females (3/4). All tumors recorded were nonfatal. Bronchiolo-alveolar adenoma was the commonest tumor with the same incidence in both males and females (4/620, 0.65%); a single lymphoma (0.16%) and uterine leiomyosarcoma (1/620 0.16%) were reported in females. The mortality rates of males and females that died or were euthanized during the first 50 weeks in carcinogenicity studies were 192/2830 (6.8%) and 198/2830 (7%), respectively. The most common fatal tumor in this age group was lymphoma in both sexes, with an incidence of 18/192 (9.3%) and 41/198 (20.7%) in males and females, respectively. In males tumors were responsible for fewer deaths than in females (17% vs. 32.3%). The major nonneoplastic causes of death or moribundity were cutaneous lesions (44/192, 22.9%), and obstructive uropathy (39/192, 20.3%) in males, and chronic progressive nephropathy (40/198, 20.2%) in females. Only minor differences were evident compared to a similar study performed 15 years ago; these might reflect changes in terminology and diagnostic criteria, and stricter animal welfare endpoints.
一项回顾性研究旨在确定 Charles River Laboratories 年轻（<50 周）对照 CD-1®小鼠肿瘤的死亡率和发病模式。从 2009 年至 2018 年进行的 48 项为期 13 周的毒性研究和 2005 年至 2018 年进行的 43 项致癌性研究中收集了研究前 50 周观察到的肿瘤发生率（致命和非致命）和非肿瘤性死亡原因。雄性的 13 周研究死亡率为 8/620（1.3%），雌性为 4/620（0.65%）。导致死亡的主要因素是雄性的皮肤损伤（3/8）和雌性的实验程序相关损伤（3/4）。所有记录的肿瘤均为非致命性。细支气管肺泡腺瘤是最常见的肿瘤，在雄性和雌性中的发病率相同（4/620，0.65%）；雌性报告了单个淋巴瘤（0.16%）和子宫平滑肌肉瘤（1/620，0.16%）。致癌性研究中前 50 周死亡或安乐死的雄性和雌性的死亡率分别为 192/2830（6.8%）和 198/2830（7%）。该年龄组中最常见的致命肿瘤是淋巴瘤，雄性的发病率为 18/192（9.3%），雌性的发病率为 41/198（20.7%）。雄性肿瘤导致的死亡人数少于雌性（17%比 32.3%）。主要的非肿瘤性死亡或濒死原因是皮肤损伤（44/192，22.9%）和雄性的梗阻性尿潴留（39/192，20.3%），以及雌性的慢性进行性肾病（40/198，20.2%）。与 15 年前进行的类似研究相比，仅出现了一些细微的差异；这些差异可能反映了术语和诊断标准的变化，以及更严格的动物福利终点。
