Svetozarskiy S N, Andreev A N
Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Volga District Medical Centre of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Vestn Oftalmol. 2022;138(3):31-34. doi: 10.17116/oftalma202213803131.
Senile scleral plaque (SSP) is a degenerative disease of the sclera manifested by the appearance of gray spots with clearly defined borders anteriorly from the insertion site of horizontal rectus muscles. Even with minimal changes over time changes over time are minor, SSP weakens the structural function of the sclera and creates a risk of a complicated course associated with scleromalacia. Interest in the study of SSP is increasing due to the growing number of transscleral intravitreal injections.
To assess the morphological characteristics of SSP using spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT).
The study examined 13 patients (21 eyes) with average age of 77.1±6.3 years. OCT scanning was performed to determine OCT signs of SSP, the length (parallel to the limb), the width and height of the SSP, as well as the depth and thickness of the overlying sclera.
A combination of nasal and temporal SSP was observed in 14 eyes, and nasal only SSP was detected in 6 eyes. In all cases, OCT presented a characteristic picture of SSP observed as an intrascleral cavity with hyperreflective content with lower reflectivity than the surrounding tissues, and clear borders represented by unchanged scleral fibers. The length of the SSP parallel to the limb was 3296±820 µm, the width - 2312±436 µm, the height of the SSP cavity - 482±89 µm. The depth of SSP site was 213±36 µm, the thickness of the overlying sclera - 125±29 µm.
Updated information about SSP structure can be used in the development of standard surgical algorithms contributing to prevention of postoperative complications.
老年巩膜斑块（SSP）是一种巩膜退行性疾病，表现为在水平直肌附着点前方出现边界清晰的灰色斑点。即使随着时间推移变化很小，SSP也会削弱巩膜的结构功能，并产生与巩膜软化相关的复杂病程风险。由于经巩膜玻璃体腔内注射的数量不断增加，对SSP的研究兴趣也在增加。
使用光谱光学相干断层扫描（OCT）评估SSP的形态特征。
该研究检查了13例患者（21只眼），平均年龄为77.1±6.3岁。进行OCT扫描以确定SSP的OCT征象、SSP的长度（平行于肢体）、宽度和高度，以及上方巩膜的深度和厚度。
14只眼中观察到鼻侧和颞侧SSP合并存在，6只眼中仅检测到鼻侧SSP。在所有病例中，OCT呈现出SSP的特征性图像，表现为巩膜内的腔隙，其内容物具有高反射性，反射率低于周围组织，清晰的边界由未改变的巩膜纤维表示。SSP平行于肢体的长度为3296±820 µm，宽度为2312±436 µm，SSP腔的高度为482±89 µm。SSP部位的深度为213±36 µm，上方巩膜的厚度为125±29 µm。
关于SSP结构的最新信息可用于制定标准手术算法，有助于预防术后并发症。
