Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Clin Exp Med. 2023 Jul;23(3):737-750. doi: 10.1007/s10238-022-00854-9. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
MicroRNAs are a set of small non-coding RNAs that could change gene expression with post-transcriptional regulation. MiRNAs have a significant role in regulating molecular signaling pathways and innate and adaptive immune system activity. Moreover, miRNAs can be utilized as a powerful instrument for tissue engineers and regenerative medicine by altering the expression of genes and growth factors. MiR-1290, which was first discovered in human embryonic stem cells, is one of those miRNAs that play an essential role in developing the fetal nervous system. This review aims to discuss current findings on miR-1290 in different human pathologies and determine whether manipulation of miR-1290 could be considered a possible therapeutic strategy to treat different non-malignant diseases. The results of these studies suggest that the regulation of miR-1290 may be helpful in the treatment of some bacterial (leprosy) and viral infections (HIV, influenza A, and Borna disease virus). Also, adjusting the expression of miR-1290 in non-infectious diseases such as celiac disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, ankylosing spondylitis, muscle atrophy, sarcopenia, and ischemic heart disease can help to treat these diseases better. In addition to acting as a biomarker for the diagnosis of non-malignant diseases (such as NAFLD, fetal growth, preeclampsia, down syndrome, chronic rhinosinusitis, and oral lichen planus), the miR-1290 can also be used as a valuable instrument in tissue engineering and reconstructive medicine. Consequently, it is suggested that the regulation of miR-1290 could be considered a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of non-malignant diseases in the future.
微小 RNA 是一组小的非编码 RNA，可以通过转录后调控改变基因表达。miRNA 在调节分子信号通路和先天及适应性免疫系统活性方面具有重要作用。此外，miRNA 可以通过改变基因和生长因子的表达，作为组织工程和再生医学的有力工具。miR-1290 是最早在人胚胎干细胞中发现的 miRNA 之一，在胎儿神经系统发育中发挥着重要作用。本综述旨在讨论 miR-1290 在不同人类疾病中的研究现状，并确定是否可以考虑操纵 miR-1290 作为治疗不同非恶性疾病的潜在治疗策略。这些研究的结果表明，miR-1290 的调控可能有助于治疗某些细菌（麻风病）和病毒感染（HIV、流感 A 和博尔纳病病毒）。此外，调整 miR-1290 在非传染性疾病（如乳糜泻、坏死性小肠结肠炎、多囊卵巢综合征、肺纤维化、强直性脊柱炎、肌肉萎缩、少肌症和缺血性心脏病）中的表达可以帮助更好地治疗这些疾病。miR-1290 不仅可以作为非恶性疾病（如非酒精性脂肪性肝病、胎儿生长、子痫前期、唐氏综合征、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和口腔扁平苔藓）的诊断标志物，还可以作为组织工程和再生医学的有价值工具。因此，未来有可能考虑调控 miR-1290 作为治疗非恶性疾病的潜在治疗靶点。
