Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2023 Jul;19(5):1232-1251. doi: 10.1007/s12015-023-10510-8. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two important types of non-coding RNAs that are not translated into protein. These molecules can regulate various biological processes, including stem cell differentiation and self-renewal. One of the first known miRNAs in mammals is miR-21. Cancer-related studies have shown that this miRNA has proto-oncogene activity and is elevated in cancers. However, it is confirmed that miR-21 inhibits stem cell pluripotency and self-renewal and induces differentiation by targeting various genes. Regenerative medicine is a field of medical science that tries to regenerate and repair damaged tissues. Various studies have shown that miR-21 plays an essential role in regenerative medicine by affecting stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we will discuss the function of miR-21 in regenerative medicine of the liver, nerve, spinal cord, wound, bone, and dental tissues. In addition, the function of natural compounds and lncRNAs will be analyzed as potential regulators of miR-21 expression in regenerative medicine.
微小 RNA（miRNA）和长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是两种重要的非编码 RNA，它们不被翻译成蛋白质。这些分子可以调节各种生物过程，包括干细胞的分化和自我更新。miR-21 是哺乳动物中最早被发现的 miRNA 之一。癌症相关研究表明，这种 miRNA 具有原癌基因活性，在癌症中升高。然而，现已证实 miR-21 通过靶向各种基因抑制干细胞的多能性和自我更新，并诱导分化。再生医学是医学科学的一个领域，试图再生和修复受损组织。各种研究表明，miR-21 通过影响干细胞的增殖和分化，在再生医学中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 miR-21 在肝脏、神经、脊髓、创伤、骨骼和牙齿组织的再生医学中的功能。此外，还将分析天然化合物和 lncRNA 的功能，作为再生医学中 miR-21 表达的潜在调节剂。
