Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Cancer Lett. 2022 Sep 28;544:215814. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215814. Epub 2022 Jul 5.
Modifiable lifestyle factors are the strongest determinants and major preventable causes of most type of cancer. Exercise has shown many beneficial effects in cancer prevention and anticancer treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To contribute to our understanding of the role of exercise regulation in cancer and provide recommendations for future preclinical and clinical exercise oncology research, we examine the functions of exercise in cancer and its underlying mechanisms. In addition to reducing the incidence of cancer, exercise can enhance the efficacy of certain types of approved anticancer treatments (e.g., targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy) and reduce the symptoms/side effects of cancer and its treatment (e.g., fatigue, cancer cachexia, cognitive impairment, and depression). The mechanisms mediating these effects include the regulation of intratumoral angiogenesis, myokines, adipokines and their associated pathways, cancer metabolism, and anticancer immunity. Cancer rehabilitation guidelines advise cancer survivors to perform exercises. Many ongoing clinical trials have investigated the effects and mechanisms of exercise in cancer. This review supports the prescription of exercise for cancer prevention to sensitize cancer to anticancer therapy and manage associated symptoms and side effects after cancer diagnosis.
可改变的生活方式因素是大多数类型癌症的最强决定因素和主要可预防原因。运动已显示出在癌症预防和抗癌治疗方面的许多有益作用。然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚。为了帮助我们了解运动调节在癌症中的作用，并为未来的临床前和临床肿瘤运动学研究提供建议，我们研究了运动在癌症中的作用及其潜在机制。除了降低癌症的发病率外，运动还可以增强某些类型已批准的抗癌治疗（例如靶向治疗、免疫疗法和放射疗法）的疗效，并减轻癌症及其治疗的症状/副作用（例如疲劳、癌症恶病质、认知障碍和抑郁）。介导这些作用的机制包括调节肿瘤内血管生成、肌肉因子、脂肪因子及其相关途径、癌症代谢和抗癌免疫。癌症康复指南建议癌症幸存者进行运动。许多正在进行的临床试验已经研究了运动在癌症中的作用和机制。本综述支持将运动作为癌症预防的处方，以提高癌症对抗癌治疗的敏感性，并在癌症诊断后管理相关症状和副作用。
