Lu Shuai, Liu Zhengxiao, Tian Shan, Song Kai, Hu Qian, Li Jianqiang, Xu Jiliang
School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jun 23;12(13):1619. doi: 10.3390/ani12131619.
Human disturbance has a strong impact on the movement of wild animals. However, it remains unclear how the movement patterns of the Reeves's Pheasant () respond to human disturbance in human-dominated landscapes. We tracked the movement of 40 adult individual Reeves's Pheasants during the breeding season, and used the dynamic Brownian bridge motion model and kernel density estimation to analyze the diurnal movement patterns of Reeves's Pheasants and their response to human presence. We analyzed the paths of Reeves's Pheasants based on a partial least squares path model, considering habitat conditions, body characteristics, and reproductive behaviors. We found that males had two clear diurnal movement peaks, whereas reproductive and non-reproductive females did not show such movement peaks. Males shifted their movement peaks to earlier times in the day to avoid the presence peaks of humans. The correlation between human-modified habitat and the movement intensity of Reeves's Pheasant differed between sexes. For males, the distance to forest paths had a positive correlation with their movement intensity through affecting body conditions. For females, the distance to forest paths and farmland had a negative correlation with their movement intensity through affecting habitat conditions and reproductive behaviors. Our study provides a scientific basis for the protection of the Reeves's Pheasant and other related terrestrial forest-dwelling birds.
人类干扰对野生动物的活动有强烈影响。然而，在人类主导的景观中，白冠长尾雉（）的活动模式如何响应人类干扰仍不清楚。我们在繁殖季节追踪了40只成年白冠长尾雉的活动，并使用动态布朗桥运动模型和核密度估计来分析白冠长尾雉的昼夜活动模式及其对人类存在的反应。我们基于偏最小二乘路径模型分析了白冠长尾雉的路径，同时考虑了栖息地条件、身体特征和繁殖行为。我们发现雄性有两个明显的昼夜活动高峰，而繁殖期和非繁殖期的雌性则没有这样的活动高峰。雄性将其活动高峰时间提前，以避开人类的出现高峰。人类改造的栖息地与白冠长尾雉活动强度之间的相关性在性别上存在差异。对于雄性，到林道的距离通过影响身体状况与它们的活动强度呈正相关。对于雌性，到林道和农田的距离通过影响栖息地条件和繁殖行为与它们的活动强度呈负相关。我们的研究为保护白冠长尾雉和其他相关的陆地森林鸟类提供了科学依据。
