To Natalie, Evans Richard P T, Pearce Hayden, Kamarajah Sivesh K, Moss Paul, Griffiths Ewen A
Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK.
Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jun 24;14(13):3104. doi: 10.3390/cancers14133104.
Oesophageal cancer is a disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the prognosis of this condition has hardly improved in the past few years. Standard treatment includes a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery; however, only a proportion of patients go on to treatment intended to cure the disease due to the late presentation of this disease. New treatment options are of utmost importance, and immunotherapy is a new option that has the potential to transform the landscape of this disease. This treatment is developed to act on the changes within the immune system caused by cancer, including checkpoint inhibitors, which have recently shown great promise in the treatment of this disease and have recently been included in the adjuvant treatment of oesophageal cancer in many countries worldwide. This review will outline the mechanisms by which cancer evades the immune system in those diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and will summarize current and ongoing trials that focus on the use of our own immune system to combat disease.
食管癌是一种在全球范围内导致严重发病率和死亡率的疾病，在过去几年中，这种疾病的预后几乎没有改善。标准治疗包括化疗、放疗和手术的联合应用；然而，由于这种疾病发现较晚，只有一部分患者能够接受旨在治愈疾病的治疗。新的治疗选择至关重要，免疫疗法是一种有可能改变这种疾病治疗格局的新选择。这种治疗方法旨在作用于癌症引起的免疫系统变化，包括检查点抑制剂，最近这些抑制剂在这种疾病的治疗中显示出巨大的前景，并且最近在全球许多国家已被纳入食管癌的辅助治疗。这篇综述将概述食管癌患者中癌症逃避免疫系统的机制，并总结目前以及正在进行的、聚焦于利用自身免疫系统对抗疾病的试验。
