Economics Department, ESB Business School, Reutlingen University, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany.
Reutlingen Research Institute (RRI), 72762 Reutlingen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 23;19(13):7675. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137675.
Rational behavior is a standard assumption in science. Indeed, rationality is required for environmental action towards net-zero emissions or public health interventions during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Yet, little is known about the elements of rationality. This paper explores a dualism of rationality comprised of optimality and consistency. By designing a new guessing game, we experimentally uncover and disentangle two building blocks of human rationality: the notions of optimality and consistency. We find evidence that rationality is largely associated to optimality and weakly to consistency. Remarkably, under uncertainty, rationality gradually shifts to a heuristic notion. Our findings provide insights to better understand human decision making.
理性行为是科学的一个标准假设。事实上，在实现净零排放的环境行动或 SARS-CoV-2 大流行期间的公共卫生干预方面，理性是必要的。然而，人们对理性的要素知之甚少。本文探讨了由最优性和一致性组成的理性二元论。通过设计一个新的猜测游戏，我们通过实验揭示并分离了人类理性的两个组成部分：最优性和一致性的概念。我们发现，理性主要与最优性相关，与一致性的相关性较弱。值得注意的是，在不确定的情况下，理性逐渐转向启发式概念。我们的研究结果为更好地理解人类决策提供了一些启示。
