Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 30;23(13):7321. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137321.
The production of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) by the innate immune system is part of the host's defense against invading pathogenic bacteria. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the molecular basis of the effects of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite on microbial respiration and energy conservation. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms underlying RNS resistance in bacteria mediated by unique respiratory oxygen reductases, the mycobacterial - supercomplex, and -type cytochromes. A complete picture of the impact of RNS on microbial bioenergetics is not yet available. However, this research area is developing very rapidly, and the knowledge gained should help us develop new methods of treating infectious diseases.
固有免疫系统产生活性氮物种 (RNS) 是宿主抵御入侵病原菌的防御机制的一部分。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近关于一氧化氮和过氧亚硝酸盐对微生物呼吸和能量守恒影响的分子基础的研究。我们讨论了细菌中由独特的呼吸氧还原酶、分枝杆菌 - 超级复合物和 - 型细胞色素介导的 RNS 抗性的可能分子机制。RNS 对微生物生物能量学的影响的完整图景尚不完全清楚。然而，这个研究领域发展非常迅速，获得的知识应该有助于我们开发治疗传染病的新方法。
