Saletnik Bogdan, Saletnik Aneta, Zaguła Grzegorz, Bajcar Marcin, Puchalski Czesław
Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszow University, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jun 22;15(13):4404. doi: 10.3390/ma15134404.
Biomass is one of the most important sources of renewable energy. One of the most widely used biomass biofuels is wood pellets. It is an economical, homogeneous and easy-to-use raw material. Biomass is used to generate low-emission energy utilizing the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis allows for higher energy efficiency with the use of commonly available substrates. This thesis presents the results of research on the possibility of using the pyrolysis process to produce high-energy biocarbons from wood pellets. Data on basic energy parameters and explosivity of biocarbon dust were compiled as criteria for the attractiveness of the solution in terms of energy utility. The research used pellets made of oak, coniferous, and mixed sawdust, which were subjected to a pyrolysis process with varying temperature and time parameters. Carbon, ash, nitrogen, hydrogen, volatile substances, heavy metals, durability and calorific value of the tested materials were carried out. The highest increase in calorific value was determined to be 63% for biocarbons obtained at 500 ℃ and a time of 15 min, compared with the control sample. The highest calorific value among all analyzed materials was obtained from coniferous pellet biocarbon at 31.49 MJ kg. Parameters such as maximum explosion pressure, Pmax, maximum pressure increase over time, (dp/dt)max, and explosion rates, Kst max, were also analyzed. It was noted that biomass pyrolysis, which was previously pelletized, improved the energy parameters of the fuel and did not increase the risk class of dust explosion. The lowest and highest recorded values of Kst max for the analyzed materials were 76.53 and 94.75 bar s, respectively. The study concluded that the process used for processing solid biofuels did not affect the increase in the danger of dust explosion. The results presented in this article form the basis for further research to obtain detailed knowledge of the safety principles of production, storage, transport and use of these new fuels.
生物质是最重要的可再生能源之一。使用最广泛的生物质生物燃料之一是木质颗粒。它是一种经济、均质且易于使用的原材料。生物质通过热解过程用于产生低排放能源。热解利用常见的底物可实现更高的能源效率。本论文展示了关于利用热解过程从木质颗粒生产高能生物炭可能性的研究结果。汇编了生物炭粉尘的基本能量参数和爆炸性数据，作为该解决方案在能源效用方面吸引力的标准。该研究使用了由橡木、针叶树和混合锯末制成的颗粒，这些颗粒在不同的温度和时间参数下进行热解过程。对测试材料的碳、灰分、氮、氢、挥发性物质、重金属、耐久性和热值进行了测定。与对照样品相比，在500℃和15分钟时间下获得的生物炭的热值最高增幅确定为63%。在所有分析材料中，针叶树颗粒生物炭的热值最高，为31.49兆焦/千克。还分析了诸如最大爆炸压力Pmax、随时间的最大压力增加率(dp/dt)max和爆炸率Kst max等参数。值得注意的是，先前造粒的生物质热解提高了燃料的能量参数，并且没有增加粉尘爆炸的风险等级。分析材料的Kst max记录的最低值和最高值分别为76.53和94.75巴·秒。该研究得出结论，用于加工固体生物燃料的过程不会影响粉尘爆炸危险的增加。本文给出的结果为进一步研究提供了基础，以详细了解这些新燃料生产、储存、运输和使用的安全原则。
