Liang Qin, Lin Xiaojie, Liu Jinhang, Feng Yu, Niu Xianqian, Wang Chao, Song Keke, Yang Chao, Li Liang, Li Yongyu
Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Guang'an Modern Agricultural Industrial Park Service Center, Guangan 638500, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 29;11(13):1731. doi: 10.3390/plants11131731.
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade consisting of three types of reversibly major signal transduction module (MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK) is distributed in eukaryotes. MAPK cascades participate in various aspects of plant development, including hormone responses, cell division and plant dormancy. Pear is one of the most economically important species worldwide, and its yield is directly affected by dormancy. In this study, genome-wide identification of MAPKK and MAPKKK gene family members in and transcriptional expression analysis of MAPK cascades during pear dormancy were performed. We identified 8 MAPKKs (PbrMKKs) and 100 MAPKKKs (PbrMAPKKKs) in using recent genomic information. PbrMAPKKs were classified into four subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis, whereas PbrMAPKKKs were grouped into 3 subfamilies (MEKK, Raf, and ZIK). Most PbrMAPKKKs and PbrMAPKKs in the same subfamily had similar gene structures and conserved motifs. The genes were found on all 17 chromosomes. The comprehensive transcriptome analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results showed that numerous MAPK cascade genes participated in pear bud dormancy. The interaction network and co-expression analyses indicated the crucial roles of the MAPK member-mediated network in pear bud dormancy. Overall, this study advances our understanding of the intricate transcriptional control of MAPKKK-MAPKK-MAPK genes and provides useful information on the functions of dormancy in perennial fruit trees.
由三种可逆性主要信号转导模块（MAPKKK、MAPKK和MAPK）组成的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联分布于真核生物中。MAPK级联参与植物发育的各个方面，包括激素反应、细胞分裂和植物休眠。梨是全球经济上最重要的物种之一，其产量直接受休眠的影响。在本研究中，对梨中MAPKK和MAPKKK基因家族成员进行了全基因组鉴定，并对梨休眠期间MAPK级联进行了转录表达分析。利用最新的基因组信息，我们在梨中鉴定出8个MAPKK（PbrMKKs）和100个MAPKKK（PbrMAPKKKs）。基于系统发育分析，PbrMAPKKs被分为四个亚组，而PbrMAPKKKs被分为3个亚家族（MEKK、Raf和ZIK）。同一亚家族中的大多数PbrMAPKKKs和PbrMAPKKs具有相似的基因结构和保守基序。这些基因分布在所有17条染色体上。综合转录组分析和定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）结果表明，许多MAPK级联基因参与了梨芽休眠。相互作用网络和共表达分析表明MAPK成员介导的网络在梨芽休眠中起关键作用。总体而言，本研究增进了我们对MAPKKK-MAPKK-MAPK基因复杂转录调控的理解，并为多年生果树休眠功能提供了有用信息。
