Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 28;14(13):2685. doi: 10.3390/nu14132685.
Under-five years of age is a critical period for children's growth and development. Nutritional deficiency during this period is associated with wasting, underweight and stunting. We aimed to conduct an epidemiological study using data derived from the GBD2019 to found the global distribution and changing trends of nutritional deficiencies among children under 5 years old, as well as the correlation between social development status and nutritional deficiencies. Nutritional deficiencies in children under 5 years has been substantially improved in the past decade; however, the progress has been unevenly distributed globally. The incidence and DALY rate decreased with the increase of socio-demographic index. In 2019, the incidence (51,872.0 per 100,000) was highest in Central Sub-Saharan Africa and the DALY rate (5597.1 per 100,000) was the highest in Western Sub-Saharan Africa. Among five subcategories of nutritional deficiencies in children under 5 years, vitamin A deficiency accounted for the largest proportion of incident cases (100,511,850, 62.1% in 2019), while the proportion of DALYs caused by protein-energy malnutrition was the highest (9,925,276, 62.0%). Nutritional deficiency in some countries remains worrisome, for whom policies guarantees and sustained efforts to control nutritional deficiencies are urgently needed.
五岁以下的年龄是儿童生长发育的关键时期。在此期间的营养缺乏与消瘦、体重不足和发育迟缓有关。我们旨在利用 GBD2019 提供的数据进行一项流行病学研究，以发现全球 5 岁以下儿童营养缺乏的分布和变化趋势，以及社会发展状况与营养缺乏之间的相关性。在过去的十年中，五岁以下儿童的营养缺乏状况得到了显著改善；然而，全球的进展分布不均。发病率和 DALY 率随着社会人口指数的增加而降低。2019 年，中撒哈拉以南非洲的发病率（每 10 万人中有 51,872.0 例）最高，西撒哈拉以南非洲的 DALY 率（每 10 万人中有 5597.1 例）最高。在五岁以下儿童的五种营养缺乏症中，维生素 A 缺乏症占发病病例的比例最大（2019 年为 100,511,850 例，占 62.1%），而蛋白质-能量营养不良引起的 DALY 比例最高（9,925,276 例，占 62.0%）。一些国家的营养缺乏状况仍然令人担忧，这些国家迫切需要政策保障和持续努力来控制营养缺乏。
