College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310061, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Jun 26;22(13):4837. doi: 10.3390/s22134837.
Under the trend of the rapid development of the internet of things (IoT), sensing for dynamic behaviors is widely needed in many fields such as traffic management, industrial production, medical treatment, building health monitoring, etc. Due to the feature of power supply independence and excellent working performance under a low-frequency environment, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as sensors are attracting more and more attention. In this paper, a comprehensive review focusing on the recent advance of TENGs as sensors for dynamic behaviors is conducted. The structure and material are two major factors affecting the performance of sensors. Different structure designs are proposed to make the sensor suitable for different sensing occasions and improve the working performance of the sensors. As for materials, new materials with stronger abilities to gain or lose electrons are fabricated to obtain higher surface charge density. Improving the surface roughness of material by surface engineering techniques is another strategy to improve the output performance of TENG. Based on the advancement of TENG structures and materials, plenty of applications of TENG-based sensors have been developed such as city traffic management, human-computer interaction, health monitoring of infrastructure, etc. It is believed that TENG-based sensors will be gradually commercialized and become the mainstream sensors for dynamic sensing.
在物联网快速发展的趋势下，动态行为感应在交通管理、工业生产、医疗、建筑物健康监测等众多领域都有广泛的需求。由于摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）作为传感器具有独立供电和在低频环境下优异工作性能的特点，因此越来越受到关注。本文对 TENG 作为动态行为传感器的最新进展进行了全面综述。结构和材料是影响传感器性能的两个主要因素。不同的结构设计被提出，以使传感器适用于不同的感应场合，并提高传感器的工作性能。至于材料，通过表面工程技术来提高材料的表面粗糙度，也是提高 TENG 输出性能的另一种策略。基于 TENG 结构和材料的进步，已经开发出了许多基于 TENG 的传感器的应用，例如城市交通管理、人机交互、基础设施健康监测等。相信基于 TENG 的传感器将逐渐商业化，并成为动态感应的主流传感器。
