Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Sep 1;308:119724. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119724. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
Biosolids containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) could contaminate the receiving environments once they are land applied. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of controlling the bioavailability of PFAS in biosolids to timothy-grass through stabilization or mobilization approaches. Stabilization was accomplished by adding a sorbent (i.e. granular activated carbon (GAC), RemBind, biochar) to biosolids, while mobilization was achieved by adding a surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), to biosolids. The results showed that the ΣPFAS concentration in grass shoots grown in biosolids amended soil treated by GAC or RemBind at 2% was only 2.77% and 3.35% of the ΣPFAS concentration detected in shoots grown in biosolids amended soil without a sorbent, respectively, indicating the effectiveness of GAC and RemBind for stabilizing PFAS and reduce their bioavailability. On the other hand, mobilization by adding SDS to biosolids at a dose range of 10-100 mg/kg significantly increased the plant uptake of ΣPFAS by 15.48%-108.57%. Thus, mobilization by adding SDS could be a valuable approach for enhancing the PFAS removal if phytoremediation is applied. Moreover, higher rate of PFAS uptake took place after grass cutting was observed in this study. Thus, proper mowing and regrowth of timothy-grass could lead to efficient and cost-effective removal of PFAS from biosolids amended soil through phytoremediation and leave the site clean to be used for other purposes.
生物固体中含有全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS)，一旦进行土地应用，就可能污染接收环境。在本研究中，我们评估了通过稳定化或活化方法控制生物固体中 PFAS 生物可利用性的可行性。通过向生物固体中添加吸附剂（即颗粒活性炭 (GAC)、RemBind、生物炭）来实现稳定化，而通过向生物固体中添加表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS) 来实现活化。结果表明，在添加 GAC 或 RemBind 的生物固体改良土壤中生长的草茎中 ΣPFAS 浓度分别仅为未添加吸附剂的生物固体改良土壤中生长的草茎中 ΣPFAS 浓度的 2.77%和 3.35%，表明 GAC 和 RemBind 对稳定化 PFAS 和降低其生物可利用性有效。另一方面，通过添加 SDS 将 SDS 剂量范围为 10-100mg/kg 的生物固体进行活化，显著增加了植物对 ΣPFAS 的吸收 15.48%-108.57%。因此，如果应用植物修复，通过添加 SDS 进行活化可能是增强 PFAS 去除的一种有价值的方法。此外，在这项研究中，草被切割后观察到 PFAS 吸收的速率更高。因此，适当的修剪和提莫西草的再生可以通过植物修复从生物固体改良土壤中有效且具有成本效益地去除 PFAS，并使该地点清洁，可用于其他用途。
