State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Beijing Smart&Green Transportation Research Center, Beijing 100022, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Nov 10;846:157209. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157209. Epub 2022 Jul 7.
Mobile source emissions are some of the major causes of air pollution across the world and are associated with numerous adverse health impacts. China has implemented increasingly stringent emission standards over the past few decades, the most recent one being the sixth emission standard (China VI) first rolled out in 2019. The China VI standard places special emphasis on tightening limits for NO emission and introduces remote monitoring of vehicles' On-board diagnostics (OBD) data to reduce emissions from diesel and gas-powered heavy-duty vehicles (HDV). This paper aims to establish a methodology to calculate HDV NO emissions on an extended timescale, and under real-world operations. OBD data was collected and examined from 53 China VI diesel HDVs and 14 China V diesel HDVs, which found that the average NO emission factors are 1.420 g/km and 3.894 g/km for the two samples respectively; this indicates that the implementation of China VI standard helps to significantly reduce NO emission from HDVs. Combining the emission factors and calculated travel distances collected by OBD and vehicle sales data, the China VI emission standard is estimated to have resulted in 43,969 tons of NO emission reduction by the end of 2020. With China announcing country-wide enforcement of the new standard in 2021, >1.7 million tons of NO emission could be avoided by 2023 annually.
移动源排放是世界范围内空气污染的主要原因之一，与许多不良健康影响有关。中国在过去几十年中实施了越来越严格的排放标准，最近的一项标准是 2019 年首次推出的第六阶段排放标准（国六）。国六标准特别强调收紧氮氧化物排放限制，并引入车辆车载诊断系统（OBD）数据远程监控，以减少柴油和燃气重型车（HDV）的排放。本文旨在建立一种方法，以计算在扩展时间范围内和实际操作下 HDV 的氮氧化物排放。从 53 辆国六柴油 HDV 和 14 辆国五柴油 HDV 中收集和检查了 OBD 数据，结果发现这两个样本的平均氮氧化物排放因子分别为 1.420 克/公里和 3.894 克/公里；这表明国六标准的实施有助于显著减少 HDV 的氮氧化物排放。结合 OBD 和车辆销售数据收集的排放因子和计算的行驶里程，预计到 2020 年底，国六排放标准将减少 43969 吨氮氧化物排放。随着中国宣布 2021 年在全国范围内实施新标准，到 2023 年每年可避免超过 170 万吨氮氧化物排放。
