College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Oct 20;844:157226. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157226. Epub 2022 Jul 7.
Currently, most researches focus on that constructed wetlands (CWs) achieve desirable removal of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and human pathogens. However, few studies have assessed the fate of resistome components, especially the behavior and cooccurrence of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and virulence factors (VFs). Therefore, characteristics of microbial communities (MCs) in CWs and their receiving rivers also deserve attention. These factors are critical to water ecological security. This study used two CWs to explore the fate of resistome components and characteristics of MCs in the CWs and their receiving river. Eleven samples were collected from the two CWs and their receiving river. High-throughput profiles of ARGs and microbial taxa in the samples were characterized. 31 ARG types consisting of 400 subtypes with total relative abundance 42.63-84.94× /Gb of sequence were detected in CWs, and 62.07-88.08× /Gb of sequence in river, evidencing that ARG pollution covered CWs and the river, and implying huge potential risks from ARGs. MGEs and VFs were detected, and tnpA, IS91 and intI1 were the three dominant MGEs, while Flagella. Type IV pili and peritrichous flagella were main VFs. Both CWs can remove ARGs, MGEs and VFs efficiently. However, some ARGs were difficult to remove, such as sul1 and sul2, and certain ARGs remained in the effluent of the CWs. The co-occurrence of ARGs, MGEs, and VFs implies the risk of antibiotic resistance and dissemination of ARGs. Eighty-five types of human pathogen were detected in the river samples, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Aeromonas hydrophila and Helicobacter pylori. Correlation analysis indicated that MCs had significant effects on the profiles of ARGs in the water environment. This study reveals potential risks of the reuse of reclaimed water, and illustrates the removal ability of ARGs and related elements by CWs. This study will be helpful for monitoring and managing resistomes in water environments.
目前，大多数研究都集中在人工湿地（CWs）对抗生素、抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和人类病原体的理想去除上。然而，很少有研究评估抗性组成分的命运，特别是 ARGs、移动遗传元件（MGEs）和毒力因子（VFs）的行为和共存。因此，CWs 及其接收河流中的微生物群落（MCs）特征也值得关注。这些因素对水生态安全至关重要。本研究使用两个 CWs 来探索 CWs 及其接收河流中抗性组成分的命运和 MCs 的特征。从两个 CWs 和它们的接收河流中采集了 11 个样本。对样品中 ARG 和微生物分类群的高通量图谱进行了特征描述。在 CWs 中检测到由 400 种亚型组成的 31 种 ARG 类型，总相对丰度为 42.63-84.94× /Gb 序列，在河流中为 62.07-88.08× /Gb 序列，表明 ARG 污染覆盖了 CWs 和河流，暗示着 ARGs 带来的巨大潜在风险。检测到 MGEs 和 VFs，tnpA、IS91 和 intI1 是三种主要的 MGEs，而 Flagella. Type IV pili 和 peritrichous flagella 是主要的 VFs。两个 CWs 都能有效去除 ARGs、MGEs 和 VFs。然而，一些 ARGs 很难去除，如 sul1 和 sul2，并且某些 ARGs 仍然存在于 CWs 的流出物中。ARGs、MGEs 和 VFs 的共存暗示着抗生素耐药性和 ARGs 传播的风险。在河流样本中检测到 85 种人类病原体，特别是铜绿假单胞菌、支气管败血博德特氏菌、嗜水气单胞菌和幽门螺杆菌。相关分析表明，MCs 对水环境中 ARGs 的图谱有显著影响。本研究揭示了再生水再利用的潜在风险，并说明了 CWs 对 ARGs 及相关元素的去除能力。本研究将有助于对水环境中的抗性组进行监测和管理。
