State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Mar 1;252:114606. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114606. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
In coastal eco-industrial zones, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and constructed wetlands (CWs) can alleviate the challenge of water shortage and the negative effect of sewage discharge, while the problems of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have not attracted enough attention. In this research, the Wafergen SmartChip system was adopted to investigate the ARG profiles in a coupled system combined WWTPs and CWs in a coastal industrial park. Potential risks of antibiotic resistance in chemical industrial wastewater were confirmed due to the higher abundance of target ARGs (> 10 copies/mL). General decline with partial enrichment in absolute and relative abundance of ARGs from the WWTPs to CWs revealed the effective removal of ARGs in the coupled system, while the fate of different ARG types varied greatly. Aminoglycoside and sulfonamide ARGs were detected with higher abundance (up to 5.34 ×10 and 3.61 ×10 copies/mL), especially aac(6')-Ib and sul1. Denitrification, secondary sedimentation, and acid hydrolysis contributed to the removal of aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, β-lactamase, chloramphenicol, and multidrug ARGs. Catalytic ozonation contributed to the removal of tetracycline and MLSB ARGs. Subsurface CWs worked effectively for the removal of sulfonamide, tetracycline, and multidrug ARGs, especially tetX, cphA, tetG, and strB. Close correlations between ARGs and MGEs emphasized the vital roles of anthropogenic pollutants and horizontal gene transfer on the diffusion of ARGs. Actinobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Cyanobacteria were dominant in the CWs, while Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetota were prevalent in the WWTPs. Redundancy analysis and variance partitioning analysis indicated that transposase and water quality posed greater influences on the distribution of ARGs. Co-occurrence network revealed that potential multiple antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria decreased in the CWs. The coupled system has a limited effect on the reduction of ARGs and potential ARG hosts, providing a comprehensive insight into the fate of ARGs in conventional water-processing systems.
在沿海生态工业区域，废水处理厂（WWTPs）和人工湿地（CWs）可以缓解水资源短缺和污水排放的负面影响，然而抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的问题尚未引起足够的重视。本研究采用 Wafergen SmartChip 系统，调查了沿海工业园区 WWTPs 和 CWs 耦合系统中的 ARG 图谱。由于目标 ARGs（>10 拷贝/mL）的丰度较高，确认了化工废水中存在抗生素抗性的潜在风险。从 WWTPs 到 CWs，ARG 的绝对丰度和相对丰度普遍下降，部分富集，表明在耦合系统中 ARGs 得到了有效去除，而不同类型的 ARG 变化趋势则有很大差异。氨基糖苷类和磺胺类 ARGs 的丰度较高（高达 5.34×10 和 3.61×10 拷贝/mL），特别是 aac(6')-Ib 和 sul1。反硝化、二次沉淀和酸水解有助于去除氨基糖苷类、磺胺类、β-内酰胺类、氯霉素和多药抗性基因。催化臭氧化有助于去除四环素类和 MLSB ARGs。地下 CWs 对磺胺类、四环素类和多药抗性基因的去除效果显著，尤其是 tetX、cphA、tetG 和 strB。ARG 与 MGEs 之间的紧密相关性强调了人为污染物和水平基因转移对 ARGs 扩散的重要作用。CWs 中的优势菌门为放线菌门、拟杆菌门和蓝细菌门，而 WWTPs 中的优势菌门为变形菌门、厚壁菌门和浮霉菌门。冗余分析和方差分解分析表明，转座酶和水质对 ARG 分布的影响较大。共现网络分析表明，CWs 中潜在的多药耐药病原菌数量减少。该耦合系统对 ARGs 和潜在 ARG 宿主的减少效果有限，为常规水处理系统中 ARGs 的命运提供了全面的认识。
