State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Oct 20;844:157215. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157215. Epub 2022 Jul 7.
Phosphorus (P) is essential for crop growth as an indispensable nutrient; however, there has been growing concern over the low use efficiency of P used in current fertilizers. We synthesized and characterized a potential P fertilizer nanohydroxyapatite/biochar/sodium humate (nHAP/BC/HANa) composite. To study the impact of the composite on soil chemical properties and microbial community in sandy soils, we set up four treatments as follows: (1) biochar (BC), (2) nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP), (3) nHAP/BC/HANa composite, and (4) sodium humate (HANa) was added separately into soils amended with nHAP/BC (nHAP/BC + HANa) to compare its performance with that of the nHAP/BC/HANa composite. A key finding was that the nHAP/BC/HANa composite not only significantly increased the soil available P content and alkaline phosphatase activity but also the increased organic matter content compared to the control. Additionally, leaching losses of P in soils amended with the nHAP/BC/HANa composite were lower than those in soils amended with the nHAP/BC + HANa, which suggested that the nHAP/BC/HANa composite had great potential to decrease P loss in sandy soils. Moreover, bacterial communities were more sensitive than fungal communities to all treatments. The bacterial communities showed the most significant changes in the nHAP/BC/HANa treatments. Results from Mantel tests further indicated that the strongest correlation between bacterial communities and soil properties occurring in the nHAP/BC/HANa treatments. Random forest analysis was conducted to identify the dominant microbial taxa, such as Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes, for predicting changes in soil properties. There was an asymptotical transition in bacterial community assembly processes from stochastic to deterministic in the nHAP/BC/HANa treatments. In conclusion, we demonstrated that nHAP/BC/HANa composite had the remarkable contribution to soil P availability in sandy soils, and simultaneously promoted the bacterial functions potential for P cycling, which present valuable insights to the development of potential P fertilizer.
磷（P）是作物生长所必需的，是一种不可或缺的营养物质；然而，目前肥料中 P 的利用率较低，这一问题引起了越来越多的关注。我们合成并表征了一种潜在的 P 肥料纳米羟基磷灰石/生物炭/腐植酸钠（nHAP/BC/HANa）复合材料。为了研究该复合材料对沙质土壤化学性质和微生物群落的影响，我们设置了以下四个处理：（1）生物炭（BC），（2）纳米羟基磷灰石（nHAP），（3）nHAP/BC/HANa 复合材料，（4）腐植酸钠（HANa）分别添加到添加 nHAP/BC（nHAP/BC+HANa）的土壤中，以比较其与 nHAP/BC/HANa 复合材料的性能。一个关键发现是，与对照相比，nHAP/BC/HANa 复合材料不仅显著增加了土壤有效磷含量和碱性磷酸酶活性，还增加了有机质含量。此外，添加 nHAP/BC/HANa 复合材料的土壤中 P 的淋失损失低于添加 nHAP/BC+HANa 的土壤，这表明 nHAP/BC/HANa 复合材料具有降低沙质土壤中 P 损失的巨大潜力。此外，细菌群落比真菌群落对所有处理更敏感。nHAP/BC/HANa 处理下细菌群落变化最为显著。Mantel 检验的结果进一步表明，nHAP/BC/HANa 处理下细菌群落与土壤性质之间存在最强的相关性。随机森林分析用于识别主要的微生物类群，如变形菌门、酸杆菌门和芽单胞菌门，以预测土壤性质的变化。在 nHAP/BC/HANa 处理下，细菌群落组装过程从随机到确定性存在渐近转变。总之，我们证明了 nHAP/BC/HANa 复合材料在沙质土壤中具有显著提高土壤 P 有效性的作用，同时促进了细菌对 P 循环的功能潜力，这为潜在 P 肥料的开发提供了有价值的见解。
