School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2022 May;32(3):513-522. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v32i3.6.
Despite a global decline in under-five deaths, the neonatal mortality rate remains slow in developing countries and birth asphyxia remains the third cause of neonatal deaths. Globally, neonatal deaths accounts for 45% of under-five deaths, birth asphyxia causes 23-40% of neonatal deaths in Ethiopia. There is limited data on risk factors of asphyxia in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors of birth asphyxia among newborns.
This research followed a hospital-based unmatched case-control study design at Debre Markos comprehensive specialized referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, among 372 newborns (124 cases and 248 controls). Data were collected by interviewing index mothers and chart review using a pre-tested questionnaire. Then it was entered in Epi-data version 3.1 and transferred to STATA version 14.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multiple variable logistic regression were carried out to the possible risk factors. Finally, statistical significance was declared using adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI and p-value <0.05.
Prolonged labor >12, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, assisted vaginal delivery, gestational age < 37 weeks, noncephalic presentation, comorbidity, birthweight<2500grams were found to be significant factors of birth asphyxia.
In this study, Prolonged labor >12 hours, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, assisted vaginal delivery, gestational age < 37 weeks, non-cephalic presentation comorbidity, fetal distress, birthweight<2500grams were found to be risk factors of birth asphyxia were risk factors of birth asphyxia. Therefore, to reduce neonatal mortality associated with birth asphyxia, attention should be given to holistic pregnancy, labor and delivery care, and post-natal care. Moreover, interventions aimed at reducing birth asphyxia should target the identified factors.
尽管全球五岁以下儿童死亡人数有所下降，但发展中国家的新生儿死亡率仍然较低，出生窒息仍然是新生儿死亡的第三大原因。在全球范围内，新生儿死亡占五岁以下儿童死亡人数的 45%，在埃塞俄比亚，出生窒息导致 23-40%的新生儿死亡。埃塞俄比亚出生窒息的危险因素数据有限，特别是在研究地区。因此，本研究旨在确定新生儿出生窒息的危险因素。
本研究采用医院为基础的非匹配病例对照研究设计，在埃塞俄比亚西北部的德布雷马科斯综合专科医院对 372 名新生儿（124 例病例和 248 例对照）进行了研究。通过访谈指数母亲和使用预测试问卷进行图表审查收集数据。然后将其输入 Epi-data 版本 3.1 并转移到 STATA 版本 14.0 进行分析。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析可能的危险因素。最后，使用调整后的优势比和 95%置信区间和 p 值<0.05 来宣布统计学意义。
产程延长>12 小时、羊水胎粪污染、阴道助产、胎龄<37 周、非头位、合并症、出生体重<2500 克被认为是出生窒息的显著因素。
在这项研究中，产程延长>12 小时、羊水胎粪污染、阴道助产、胎龄<37 周、非头位、合并症、胎儿窘迫、出生体重<2500 克被认为是出生窒息的危险因素。因此，为了降低与出生窒息相关的新生儿死亡率，应重视整体妊娠、分娩和产后护理。此外，旨在减少出生窒息的干预措施应针对已确定的因素。
