Haws J Kyle, Andrews Arthur R, Acosta Canchila M Natalia, Ramos Athena K
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
Rural Ment Health. 2022 Apr;46(2):100-116. doi: 10.1037/rmh0000202. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
The Migrant Farmworker Stress Inventory (MFWSI) was developed to measure the distinct stressors faced by migrant farmworkers. The most appropriate measurement and factor structure, however, has been primarily examined with exploratory methods with no studies of confirmatory factor analyses to date. The current study built on prior exploratory factor analytic approaches using the MFWSI by applying confirmatory factor analyses and other tests of validity to better delineate the component parts of migrant farmworker stress that contribute to anxiety and depression. Participants were 241 Latino migrant farmworkers recruited from rural farmworker campsites in Nebraska. Neither of the previously identified factor structures fit the data well initially. Following model respecification, only three factors remained from the original exploratory approaches. These models produced both common and unique factors, which were combined to produce a four-factor model. Results suggest that rural migrant farmworker stress may operate with at least four distinct domains: 1) economic difficulties, 2) immigration and legal status, 3) parenting and child difficulties, and 4) social isolation and related challenges. Finally, only economic difficulties predicted depression and anxiety scores, such that those reporting more stress around economic difficulties reported higher depression and anxiety symptoms. Results point to the need for additional measurement and construct refinement to inform empirical, clinical, policy, and social advocacy work.
移民农场工人压力量表（MFWSI）旨在测量移民农场工人所面临的独特压力源。然而，最合适的测量方法和因素结构主要是通过探索性方法进行检验的，迄今为止尚未有验证性因素分析的研究。本研究在先前使用MFWSI进行探索性因素分析的方法基础上，应用验证性因素分析和其他效度检验，以更好地描绘导致焦虑和抑郁的移民农场工人压力的组成部分。研究参与者是从内布拉斯加州农村农场工人营地招募的241名拉丁裔移民农场工人。最初，之前确定的两种因素结构都不能很好地拟合数据。经过模型重新设定后，原来的探索性方法中只剩下三个因素。这些模型产生了共同因素和独特因素，将它们组合起来形成了一个四因素模型。结果表明，农村移民农场工人的压力可能至少在四个不同领域起作用：1）经济困难，2）移民和法律身份，3）育儿和子女问题，4）社会孤立及相关挑战。最后，只有经济困难能够预测抑郁和焦虑得分，即那些报告在经济困难方面压力更大的人，其抑郁和焦虑症状得分更高。研究结果表明，需要进一步完善测量方法和构建方式，为实证、临床、政策及社会宣传工作提供参考。
