intensive care unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, England.
Nurs Stand. 2022 Aug 31;37(9):59-66. doi: 10.7748/ns.2022.e11938. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
Acute kidney injury, previously referred to as acute renal failure, is a common and often preventable condition that is seen in patients in acute and primary care settings. Nurses in both settings should be able to identify and assess patients at risk of acute kidney injury, and those with developing acute kidney injury, and understand the principles of clinical management. Early identification can assist in prevention of acute kidney injury, while supportive management and interventions can prevent further deterioration in patients diagnosed with the condition. This article describes acute kidney injury and outlines the pathophysiology, staging, and signs and symptoms. The author also describes the clinical management of patients with acute kidney injury and the long-term effects of the condition.
急性肾损伤，以前称为急性肾衰竭，是一种常见且常可预防的疾病，在急性和初级保健环境中的患者中均可出现。这两种环境中的护士都应该能够识别和评估有发生急性肾损伤风险的患者，以及那些已经发生急性肾损伤的患者，并了解临床管理的原则。早期识别有助于预防急性肾损伤，而支持性的管理和干预可以防止已诊断出该疾病的患者病情进一步恶化。本文描述了急性肾损伤，并概述了其病理生理学、分期以及体征和症状。作者还描述了急性肾损伤患者的临床管理以及该疾病的长期影响。
