查理·弗朗西斯·谢里登论瑞典 1772 年革命的封建起源和政治科学。

Charles Francis Sheridan on the Feudal Origins and Political Science of the 1772 Revolution in Sweden.

出版信息

J Hist Ideas. 2022;83(3):407-430. doi: 10.1353/jhi.2022.0020.

DOI:10.1353/jhi.2022.0020

Abstract

Gustav III's royal coup in 1772 reestablished strong monarchy and ended the Age of Liberty (Frihetstiden) in Sweden. The event attracted much interest and commentary across Europe. The most detailed account of the episode and sophisticated analysis of its causes was Charles Francis Sheridan's now forgotten History of the Late Revolution in Sweden (1778). Sheridan used Enlightenment history and political science to argue that the reasons for the Swedish revolution went beyond its flawed constitution and could be traced to the Swedish national character and the circumstances of its orders, determined by its longue durée history, laws, geography, and climate.

摘要

古斯塔夫三世于 1772 年发动的宫廷政变恢复了强大的君主制，结束了瑞典的“自由时代”（Frihetstiden）。这一事件在欧洲引起了广泛关注和评论。对这一事件最详细的描述和对其原因最深入的分析，出自查尔斯·弗朗西斯·谢里登（Charles Francis Sheridan）现已被遗忘的《瑞典晚期革命史》（History of the Late Revolution in Sweden，1778 年）。谢里登利用启蒙时代的历史和政治学理论来论证，瑞典革命的原因不仅仅是其宪法有缺陷，还可以追溯到瑞典的民族性格和其社会各阶层的情况，这些都由其长期历史、法律、地理和气候所决定。