Lalonde François, Caru Maxime, Baudet Mathilde, Ribeiro Paula Ab, Martin Sarah-Maude, Comtois Alain S, Tournoux François B
Division of Cardiology, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada -
Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2023 Feb;63(2):367-372. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.22.14108-3. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
Triathletes' physiological adaptations to exercise training can have a different impact on cardiac remodeling based on the extreme exercise preparation. Moreover, cardiac remodeling might be different depending on whether triathletes have trained for many years or if they just decided to be more active. Nevertheless, data are limited in amateur endurance athletes and studies about them are key for their safety. Therefore, we investigated the effects of exercise training for a half-ironman on cardiac remodeling.
A total of 24 amateur athletes underwent a 24-week exercise program and were followed by three-dimensional echocardiography to assess its global impact on cardiac remodeling. Subanalyses were performed based on participants past-training experience (low versus high).
We found significant group effects on the right and left ventricle, significant time effect on the right ventricle. No significant interaction effects were observed. We observed significant correlations between the right ventricle, clinical and performance characteristics where the peak power output explained 38% of the variance, while the body surface area, weight and power at the second ventilatory threshold explained 34%, 31% and 30%, respectively.
Changes in cardiac remodeling in response to an exercise program for a half-ironman are not homogeneous across the ventricles and are influenced by participants' past-training experience. This study strengthens our knowledge of extreme exercise training for a half-ironman to further develop better training programs and medical follow-up in amateur triathletes.
基于极限运动准备情况，铁人三项运动员对运动训练的生理适应可能对心脏重塑产生不同影响。此外，根据铁人三项运动员是多年训练还是刚刚决定增加运动量，心脏重塑可能会有所不同。然而，关于业余耐力运动员的数据有限，对他们的研究对其安全性至关重要。因此，我们研究了半程铁人三项运动训练对心脏重塑的影响。
共有24名业余运动员参加了为期24周的运动计划，并通过三维超声心动图进行跟踪，以评估其对心脏重塑的整体影响。根据参与者过去的训练经验（低与高）进行亚分析。
我们发现对右心室和左心室有显著的组效应，对右心室有显著的时间效应。未观察到显著的交互效应。我们观察到右心室、临床和表现特征之间存在显著相关性，其中峰值功率输出解释了38%的方差，而体表面积、体重和第二通气阈值时的功率分别解释了34%、31%和30%。
针对半程铁人三项运动计划的心脏重塑变化在各心室内并非均匀，且受参与者过去训练经验的影响。本研究加强了我们对半程铁人三项极限运动训练的认识，以便进一步为业余铁人三项运动员制定更好的训练计划和医疗随访。
