Research Center of Natural Resources, Health and the Environment (RENSMA). Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Fuerzas Armadas Ave., 21007 Huelva, Spain.
Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Department of Biotechnology, Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Sep 15;438:129443. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129443. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
Several environmental pollutants have been shown to damage brain and affect gut microbiota. Limited evidence is available about the impact of "chemical cocktails" (CC) of xenobiotics on brain metabolome and their possible influence in the gut-brain crosstalk. To this end, BALB/c mice were exposed to heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd) and pharmaceuticals (diclofenac and flumequine) under regular rodent diet or supplemented with selenium (Se). Selenium, an antioxidant well-known for its antagonism against the neurotoxicity of several pollutants, modulated several brain metabolic impairments caused by CC (e.g., brain levels of the excitatory amino acid N-acetyl aspartic acid) by influencing mainly the metabolisms of purine, glycosylate and dicarboxylate, glutamate, glycerophospholipid, alanine and aspartate. Numerous associations were obtained between brain metabolites and gut microbes and they changed after Se-supplementation (e.g., Lactobacillus was positively associated with a brain ceramide, phosphoserine, phosphocholine, vitamin D3 derivative, fatty acids, malic acid, amino acids, and urea after the exposure, but not after Se-supplementation). Our results showed numerous evidences about the impact of CC on brain metabolome, the potential role of Se as an antagonist and their impact on the gut-brain axis. Further research is needed to understand the complex mechanism of action implied on CC-brain-microbiota interactions.
几种环境污染物已被证明会损害大脑并影响肠道微生物群。关于“化学鸡尾酒”（CC）对大脑代谢组的影响及其对肠道-大脑串扰的可能影响，证据有限。为此，BALB/c 小鼠在常规啮齿动物饮食或补充硒（Se）的情况下暴露于重金属（As、Hg、Cd）和药物（双氯芬酸和氟苯尼考）下。硒是一种抗氧化剂，以其对几种污染物的神经毒性的拮抗作用而闻名，通过影响嘌呤、糖基和二羧酸、谷氨酸、甘油磷脂、丙氨酸和天冬氨酸的代谢，调节 CC 引起的几种大脑代谢损伤（例如，大脑中兴奋性氨基酸 N-乙酰天冬氨酸的水平）。在补充硒后，大脑代谢物与肠道微生物之间获得了许多关联，并且这些关联发生了变化（例如，暴露后，乳杆菌与大脑神经酰胺、磷酸丝氨酸、磷酸胆碱、维生素 D3 衍生物、脂肪酸、苹果酸、氨基酸和尿素呈正相关，但补充硒后则不然）。我们的研究结果提供了大量证据证明 CC 对大脑代谢组的影响、Se 作为拮抗剂的潜在作用及其对肠道-大脑轴的影响。需要进一步研究以了解 CC-大脑-微生物群相互作用所涉及的复杂作用机制。
