Firoozjah Morteza Homayounnia, Homayouni Alireza, Nazari Saeed, Pourazar Morteza
Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychology, Bandargaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandargaz, Iran.
Sport Sci Health. 2023;19(1):301-308. doi: 10.1007/s11332-022-00962-9. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
Nowadays, the covid 19 pandemics are challenging all students. The present study aimed to investigate whether motor skill development affects students' psychological and social traits during the covid 19 pandemics. The present study's population consisted of all students aged 9-17 years in the three grades of the elementary, middle, and high school in Mazandaran province in the academic year 2020-2021, which corresponded to approximately 534 thousand students. We used a simple random sampling to determine the sample size because Iranian schools were closed. In this study, we selected 15 individuals for each of the experimental and control groups. Due to some students dropping out or leaving the practice, the samples comprised 42 girls and 45 boys in the control group and 41 girls and 43 boys in the experimental group. To collect data, we used the Standard Student Social Skills Questionnaire by Garsham and Elliott (1990), Cooper-Smith Self-Esteem Questionnaire, and Children's Depression Scale Short Form (CDS-A). We conducted the experimental group for 36 sessions, i.e., three months and three sessions per week, and each session lasted 30-45 min, depending on the quarantine conditions on the 19th day. To analyze the data, we used a two-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe post hoc test. The results showed that all groups had lower scores in psychological traits than those in the pretest. However, no significant difference was found between groups (. < 0.05), and this effect was not significant in social traits (05/0 < .). We also suggest that school principals and health care professionals use this study to design guidelines for creating a healthy environment and developing health-oriented educational programs to improve students' quality of life and health.
如今，新冠疫情给所有学生都带来了挑战。本研究旨在调查在新冠疫情期间运动技能发展是否会影响学生的心理和社会特质。本研究的总体包括2020 - 2021学年马赞德兰省小学、初中和高中三个年级所有9至17岁的学生，约53.4万人。由于伊朗学校关闭，我们采用简单随机抽样来确定样本量。在本研究中，我们为实验组和对照组各选取了15名个体。由于一些学生退出或停止练习，对照组样本包括42名女生和45名男生，实验组样本包括41名女生和43名男生。为收集数据，我们使用了加尔沙姆和埃利奥特（1990年）编制的《标准学生社交技能问卷》、库珀 - 史密斯自尊问卷以及儿童抑郁量表简表（CDS - A）。我们对实验组进行了36次训练，即为期三个月，每周三次，每次训练持续30 - 45分钟，具体时长取决于第19天的隔离情况。为分析数据，我们使用了双向方差分析和谢费事后检验。结果显示，所有组的心理特质得分均低于预测试。然而，组间未发现显著差异（P < 0.05），且在社会特质方面这种影响也不显著（P > 0.05）。我们还建议学校校长和医疗保健专业人员利用本研究来制定创建健康环境的指导方针，并制定以健康为导向的教育计划，以提高学生的生活质量和健康水平。
