Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Mental Health Department, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (CST), Terrassa, Spain.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2023 Apr;30(2):162-181. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12858. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Humanizing the world of health is a complex process that includes all the dimensions of the person. When a person has from a mental illness, the humanization of care becomes more important, as the disorder itself prevents the person to participate in their health process, even when showing self-harm or aggressive behaviours. These situations jointly with other factors related with professionals (insufficient ratio, inadequate treatment or lack of training) may cause the patient admitted to the acute psychiatric hospitalization unit to require the use of restrictive measures (involuntary admissions, mechanical restraints or forced administration of medication). WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: We identify the relevance of the perception the patient and family have regarding the care received, as well as the relevance of factors related to the professionals, among which the attitude, the staff ratio, the nursing time of direct dedication, and the therapeutic environment and safety of the patient and the professionals. All patients must be treated with dignity, respect, regardless of the aggressive manifestations caused by their pathology. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: A greater understanding of the care offered to admitted people affected by a mental disorder, their families and professionals who care for them in acute mental health units, giving greater importance to "caring" and not exclusively to "curing."
INTRODUCTION: Humanization in Mental Health refers to give the same relevance to the clinical needs and to the social, emotional and psychological needs.
To identify the published knowledge on current care models related to the humanization of care in acute psychiatric units.
Scoping review based on the methodological model of Arksey and O'Malley, and PRISMA methodology. Database searches (Pubmed, Cinahl, Virtual Library, Cuiden, Academic Google and PsycInfo) with the terms: "Humanization," "Hospitals Psychiatric," "Emergency Psychiatric," "Psychiatric Service" and "Psychiatric intensive care units."
Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Four thematic units were identified: aspects related to (i) patient perceptions; (ii) Government policies and hospitality organizational culture; (iii) external factors such as the environment, family or associations; and (iv) safety and security.
Only one of the articles mentions the concept analysed, although all of them contribute with key aspects of healthcare humanization, such as the empowerment of the patient, the care model, the staff ratio, the therapeutic relationship, the nursing time of direct dedication to the patient, the therapeutic environment, safety and patient and staff perception of feeling safe.
The present study can help to improve the care offered in acute mental health units.
确定发表的与急性精神病院单元中护理人性化相关的当前护理模式的知识。
基于 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的方法学模型和 PRISMA 方法进行范围综述。在数据库（Pubmed、Cinahl、Virtual Library、Cuiden、Academic Google 和 PsycInfo）中搜索以下术语：“Humanization”、“Hospitals Psychiatric”、“Emergency Psychiatric”、“Psychiatric Service”和“Psychiatric intensive care units”。
符合纳入标准的文章有 22 篇。确定了四个主题单元：（i）与患者感知相关的方面；（ii）政府政策和医院组织文化；（iii）环境、家庭或协会等外部因素；以及（iv）安全保障。
只有一篇文章提到了分析的概念，尽管它们都为医疗保健人性化的关键方面做出了贡献，例如患者赋权、护理模式、人员配备比例、治疗关系、直接专注于患者的护理时间、治疗环境、安全性以及患者和工作人员对安全感的感知。
本研究可以帮助改善急性心理健康单位提供的护理。
