Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2022;57(8):636-643. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2096360. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
After an outbreak of cobweb disease of cultivated button mushroom in Serbia in 2003, the isolated fungal pathogen was initially identified as (teleomorph ) based on morpho-physiological traits. Molecular analysis indicated re-classification of two strains (isolated in 2004 and 2007) as (teleomorph ). However, subsequent analysis of further five strains (isolated over the period 2003-2010) within the frames of the present study, also confirmed their identification as the exclusive cobweb causal agent After artificial inoculation, the symptoms observed on harvested and growing mushrooms were consistent with the appearance of cobweb disease. Pathogen sensitivity to fungicides was estimated by probit analyses. Fungicide susceptibility tests showed that strains were highly sensitive both to prochloraz (ED<0.087 µg mL) and the newly introduced metrafenone (ED<0.15 µg mL). Furthermore, the growth of all examined strains of was significantly inhibited by the indigenous actinobacterial strain A06. A dual culture assay showed after 72 h that the percentage of radial growth inhibition of the pathogen ranged from 22.38 to 55.73%. Our findings suggest that the antagonistic A06 might be a potential candidate for controlling the cobweb disease of cultivated button mushroom.
2003 年在塞尔维亚爆发栽培蘑菇蛛网病后，最初根据形态生理特征将分离出的真菌病原体鉴定为 （有性型）。分子分析表明，对 2004 年和 2007 年分离出的两个菌株进行了重新分类，将其归类为 （有性型）。然而，在本研究的框架内，对随后在 2003 年至 2010 年期间分离的另外五个菌株进行的进一步分析也证实了它们作为蛛网病唯一病因的鉴定。在人工接种后，收获和生长蘑菇上观察到的症状与蛛网病的出现一致。通过概率分析估计了病原体对杀菌剂的敏感性。杀菌剂敏感性测试表明， 菌株对百菌清（ED<0.087 µg mL）和新引入的噻呋酰胺（ED<0.15 µg mL）均高度敏感。此外，所有检查的 菌株的生长都受到土著放线菌菌株 A06 的显著抑制。双培养试验显示，72 小时后，病原菌的径向生长抑制率为 22.38%至 55.73%。我们的研究结果表明，拮抗放线菌 A06 可能是控制栽培蘑菇蛛网病的潜在候选物。
