Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Semin Neurol. 2022 Jun;42(3):363-374. doi: 10.1055/a-1900-7261. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
In recent years, neuroimaging studies have remarkably demonstrated the presence of cognitive motor dissociation in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). These findings accelerated the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) as clinical tools for behaviorally unresponsive patients. This article reviews the recent progress of BCIs in patients with DoC and discusses the open challenges. In view of the practical application of BCIs in patients with DoC, four aspects of the relevant literature are introduced: consciousness detection, auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis, and rehabilitation. For each aspect, the paradigm design, brain signal processing methods, and experimental results of representative BCI systems are analyzed. Furthermore, this article provides guidance for BCI design for patients with DoC and discusses practical challenges for future research.
近年来，神经影像学研究显著表明，意识障碍（DOC）患者存在认知运动分离现象。这些发现加速了脑机接口（BCI）作为行为无反应患者的临床工具的发展。本文综述了 BCI 在意识障碍患者中的最新进展，并讨论了开放的挑战。鉴于 BCI 在意识障碍患者中的实际应用，本文介绍了相关文献的四个方面：意识检测、辅助诊断、预后和康复。对于每个方面，都分析了代表性 BCI 系统的范式设计、脑信号处理方法和实验结果。此外，本文为意识障碍患者的 BCI 设计提供了指导，并讨论了未来研究的实际挑战。
