Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2023 Oct;107(10):1458-1466. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2021-320754. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of glaucoma with associated factors in the rural populations of 10 provinces in China.
A population-based cross-sectional study.
All participants aged 6 years or older from 10 provinces completed visual acuity testing, slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy and non-contact tonometry. Glaucoma suspects underwent fundus photography, Goldmann applanation tonometry, visual field testing and gonioscopy. Glaucoma was determined according to the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology classification scheme. Associations of demographics and medical factors with glaucoma were assessed using multiple logistic regression models.
From June 2017 to October 2018, 48 398 of 52 041 participants were included in the final analyses. The age-standardised prevalence of glaucoma was 1.7% (95% CI 1.55% to 1.78%) among the participants older than 6 years, which was 2.1% (95% CI 1.93% to 2.23%) in participants aged over 40 years. The constituent ratios of glaucoma were: 44.4% primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), 34.7% primary open-angle glaucoma, 2.6% congenital glaucoma and 18.3% other types of glaucoma. Increasing age, smoking, cerebral stroke, type 2 diabetes, higher education (college or more) and higher personal income were significant risk factors for PACG. The unilateral and bilateral blindness rates in the entire study population were 4.692% and 1.068%, respectively. A family history of glaucoma was a significant risk factor for the prevalence of glaucoma and blindness in at least one eye.
Rural populations have a high prevalence of glaucoma, which should be included in chronic disease management programmes in China for long-term care.
本研究旨在调查中国 10 个省份农村人群中青光眼的患病率及其相关因素。
基于人群的横断面研究。
来自 10 个省份的所有 6 岁及以上年龄的参与者均接受了视力测试、裂隙灯检查、眼底镜检查和非接触眼压测量。青光眼疑似患者接受了眼底照相、压平眼压测量、视野检查和房角镜检查。根据国际眼科地理流行病学学会分类方案确定青光眼。使用多因素逻辑回归模型评估人口统计学和医疗因素与青光眼的相关性。
2017 年 6 月至 2018 年 10 月，对 52041 名参与者中的 48398 名进行了最终分析。6 岁以上人群的青光眼标准化患病率为 1.7%（95%CI，1.55%至 1.78%），40 岁以上人群的患病率为 2.1%（95%CI，1.93%至 2.23%）。青光眼的构成比为：44.4%原发性房角关闭性青光眼（PACG）、34.7%原发性开角型青光眼、2.6%先天性青光眼和 18.3%其他类型青光眼。年龄增长、吸烟、脑卒中等脑血管病、2 型糖尿病、受教育程度较高（大专及以上）和个人收入较高是 PACG 的显著危险因素。整个研究人群的单侧和双侧失明率分别为 4.692%和 1.068%。青光眼家族史是至少一眼青光眼患病率和失明的显著危险因素。
农村人群的青光眼患病率较高，应将其纳入中国慢性病管理计划，以进行长期护理。
