Département de kinanthropologie, Faculté des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Eur J Neurosci. 2022 Sep;56(5):4600-4618. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15772. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
The neurochemical mechanisms underlying motor memory consolidation remain largely unknown. Based on converging work showing that ethyl alcohol retrogradely enhances declarative memory consolidation, this work tested the hypothesis that post-learning alcohol ingestion would enhance motor memory consolidation. In a within-subject and fully counterbalanced design, participants (n = 24; 12M; 12F) adapted to a gradually introduced visual deviation and ingested, immediately after adaptation, a placebo (PBO), a medium (MED) or high (HIGH) dose of alcohol. The alcohol doses were bodyweight- and gender-controlled to yield peak breath alcohol concentrations of 0.00% in the PBO, ~0.05% in the MED and ~0.095% in the HIGH condition. Retention was evaluated 24 h later through reach aftereffects when participants were sober. The results revealed that retention levels were neither significantly nor meaningfully different in both the MED and HIGH conditions as compared to PBO (all absolute Cohen's d values < ~0.2; small to negligible effects), indicating that post-learning alcohol ingestion did not alter motor memory consolidation. Given alcohol's known pharmacological GABAergic agonist and NMDA antagonist properties, one possibility is that these neurochemical mechanisms do not decisively contribute to motor memory consolidation. As converging work demonstrated alcohol's retrograde enhancement of declarative memory, the present results suggest that distinct neurochemical mechanisms underlie declarative and motor memory consolidation. Elucidating the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the consolidation of different memory systems may yield insights into the effects of over-the-counter drugs on everyday learning and memory but also inform the development of pharmacological interventions seeking to alter human memory consolidation.
运动记忆巩固的神经化学机制在很大程度上仍然未知。基于 converges 工作表明，乙醇逆行增强陈述性记忆巩固，这项工作测试了假设，即学习后饮酒会增强运动记忆巩固。在一个 within-subject 和完全平衡的设计中，参与者（n=24；12M；12F）适应逐渐引入的视觉偏差，并在适应后立即摄入安慰剂（PBO）、中剂量（MED）或高剂量（HIGH）酒精。酒精剂量按体重和性别控制，以使 PBO 中的呼气酒精浓度峰值为 0.00%，MED 中的峰值为 0.05%，HIGH 中的峰值为 0.095%。保留水平在 24 小时后通过清醒时的到达后效进行评估。结果表明，与 PBO 相比，MED 和 HIGH 条件下的保留水平既不显著也无意义不同（所有绝对 Cohen's d 值<~0.2；小到可忽略的影响），表明学习后饮酒不会改变运动记忆巩固。鉴于酒精已知的药理学 GABA 能激动剂和 NMDA 拮抗剂特性，一种可能性是这些神经化学机制对运动记忆巩固没有决定性贡献。由于 converging 工作证明了酒精对陈述性记忆的逆行增强作用，本研究结果表明，不同的神经化学机制是陈述性记忆和运动记忆巩固的基础。阐明不同记忆系统巩固的神经化学机制可能有助于了解非处方药物对日常学习和记忆的影响，也有助于开发旨在改变人类记忆巩固的药理学干预措施。
