College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Poult Sci. 2022 Sep;101(9):101996. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101996. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
The present study investigated the individual and combined effects of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and gamma-irradiated astragalus polysaccharides (IAPS) on the immune response, antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbiota composition of broiler chickens. A total of 240 newly hatched Ross 308 chicks were randomly allocated into 5 dietary treatments including the basal diet (control), or the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline (CTC), 100 mg/kg XOS (XOS), 600 mg/kg IAPS (IAPS), and 100 mg/kg XOS + 600 mg/kg IAPS (XOS + IAPS) respectively. The results showed that birds in the control group had lower the thymus index and serum lysozyme activity than those in the other 4 groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was an interaction between XOS and IAPS treatments on increasing the serum lysozyme activity (P < 0.05). Birds in the CTC and XOS + IAPS groups had lower serum malondialdehyde concentration and higher serum total antioxidant capacity activity and mucosal interleukin 2 mRNA expression of jejunum than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, birds in the control groups had lower duodenal and jejunal IgA-producing cells number than these in other 4 groups (P < 0.05). As compared with the CTC group, dietary individual XOS or IAPS administration increased duodenal IgA-producing cells number (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, there was an interaction between XOS and IAPS treatments on increasing duodenal and jejunal IgA-Producing cells numbers (P < 0.05). Dietary CTC administration increased the proportion of Bacteroides, and decreased the proportion of Negativibacillus (P < 0.05). However, dietary XOS + IAPS administration increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, the proportion of Ruminococcaceae, as well as decreased the proportion of Barnesiella and Negativibacillus (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the XOS and IAPS combination could improve intestinal mucosal immunity and barrier function of broilers by enhancing cytokine gene expression, IgA-producing cell production and modulates cecal microbiota, and the combination effect of XOS and IAPS is better than that of individual effect of CTC, XOS, or IAPS in the current study.
本研究探讨了木低聚糖（XOS）和γ-辐照黄芪多糖（IAPS）对肉鸡免疫反应、抗氧化能力和肠道微生物区系组成的单独和联合作用。总共 240 只新孵化的 Ross 308 小鸡被随机分配到 5 种饮食处理中，包括基础饮食（对照），或基础饮食中添加 50mg/kg 金霉素（CTC）、100mg/kg XOS（XOS）、600mg/kg IAPS（IAPS）和 100mg/kg XOS+600mg/kg IAPS（XOS+IAPS）。结果表明，与其他 4 组相比，对照组雏鸡的胸腺指数和血清溶菌酶活性较低（P<0.05）。此外，XOS 和 IAPS 处理之间存在相互作用，可提高血清溶菌酶活性（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，CTC 和 XOS+IAPS 组雏鸡的血清丙二醛浓度较低，血清总抗氧化能力活性和空肠黏膜白细胞介素 2mRNA 表达较高（P<0.05）。此外，与其他 4 组相比，对照组雏鸡的十二指肠和空肠 IgA 产生细胞数量较低（P<0.05）。与 CTC 组相比，单独添加 XOS 或 IAPS 可增加十二指肠 IgA 产生细胞数量（P<0.05）。同时，XOS 和 IAPS 处理之间存在相互作用，可增加十二指肠和空肠 IgA 产生细胞数量（P<0.05）。饲粮添加 CTC 可增加拟杆菌的比例，降低 Negativibacillus 的比例（P<0.05）。然而，饲粮添加 XOS+IAPS 可增加厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比值，增加瘤胃菌科的比例，并降低 Barnesiella 和 Negativibacillus 的比例（P<0.05）。综上所述，XOS 和 IAPS 联合应用可通过增强细胞因子基因表达、IgA 产生细胞产生和调节盲肠微生物群来改善肉鸡的肠道黏膜免疫和屏障功能，并且 XOS 和 IAPS 的联合作用优于 CTC、XOS 或 IAPS 的单独作用。
