Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Irbid, Jordan.
Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Irbid, Jordan.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2022 Sep 16;377:109834. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109834. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
Limited data is available on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of extended spectrum (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases Escherichia coli in sheep and goats in Jordan. This study determined the molecular prevalence and antimicrobial-resistance of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases E. coli in 155 sheep and goat flocks across Jordan by testing 948 milk samples. The samples were enriched in MacConkey broth, and then plated on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime. The presence of ESBL and AmpC genes in the E. coli isolates was determined by PCR and the resistance toward critically important antimicrobials was tested by disc diffusion. In total, 1016 E. coli isolates were isolated from the cefotaxime supplemented MacConkey, 382 isolates harbored ESBL genes and 54 harbored bla. The prevalence of bla, bla, bla and blaE. coli in the milk samples were 33.5 %, 31.7 %, 5.7 %. and 1.1 %, respectively. At the flock level, 30.3 % flocks had β-lactamase E. coli, specifically 25.2 %, 20.7 %, 5.2 % and 2.6 % had bla, bla, bla and blaSHV E. coli, respectively. About 52.2 % of the isolates harbored both bla and bla. A high percentage (>59 %) of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases E. coli resisted sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline and nalidixic acid. Overall, 93.5 % and 96.3 % of ESBL and AmpC E. coli were resistant to ≥1 another antimicrobial class and 44.5 % and 44.4 % were resistant to ≥3 another antimicrobial class, respectively. This study shows that sheep and goat milk is a reservoir of multidrug resistant ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases E. coli, thus good hygienic practices and judicious antimicrobials use are important in small ruminants' farming.
约旦绵羊和山羊中产超广谱 (ESBL) 和 AmpC β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌的流行情况和抗菌药物耐药性的数据有限。本研究通过检测 948 份牛奶样本，从约旦的 155 个绵羊和山羊养殖场中确定了 ESBL 和 AmpC β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌的分子流行情况和抗菌药物耐药性。将样本在头孢噻肟的 MacConkey 肉汤中富集，然后在含有头孢噻肟的 MacConkey 琼脂平板上接种。通过 PCR 确定大肠杆菌分离株中 ESBL 和 AmpC 基因的存在，并通过药敏纸片扩散试验检测其对重要抗菌药物的耐药性。从头孢噻肟补充的 MacConkey 琼脂平板上共分离出 1016 株大肠杆菌，其中 382 株携带 ESBL 基因，54 株携带 bla。牛奶样本中 bla、bla、bla 和 blaE. coli 的流行率分别为 33.5%、31.7%、5.7%和 1.1%。在羊群水平上，30.3%的羊群携带产β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌，具体为 25.2%、20.7%、5.2%和 2.6%分别携带 bla、bla、bla 和 blaSHV E. coli。约 52.2%的分离株同时携带 bla 和 bla。高比例（>59%）的 ESBL 和 AmpC β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌对磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶、四环素和萘啶酸耐药。总的来说，93.5%和 96.3%的 ESBL 和 AmpC E. coli 对≥1 种其他抗菌药物类别耐药，44.5%和 44.4%分别对≥3 种其他抗菌药物类别耐药。本研究表明，绵羊和山羊奶是多药耐药 ESBL 和 AmpC β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌的储存库，因此在小反刍动物养殖中，良好的卫生实践和合理使用抗菌药物非常重要。
