Nursing Department, College of Health Science, Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia.
Epidemiology Department, College of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Glob Health Epidemiol Genom. 2022 Jun 28;2022:1973502. doi: 10.1155/2022/1973502. eCollection 2022.
A novel coronavirus, a virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan, China, on December 2019. The virus affects the respiratory system and it is highly contagious, spreading from person to person. Healthcare workers are more at risk due to the nature of their work, which is caring for both COVID-19-affected and nonaffected patients. Lack of knowledge about the disease directly affects early diagnosis and treatment, which may result in the rapid spread of the infection in the community. Having enough knowledge about a disease can always affect an individual's attitudes and practices. However, there is limited evidence on the knowledge, attitude, practice of prevention, and control measures of COVID-19 and associated factors among healthcare workers (HCWs) in resource-limited countries, including Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study design was used among 334 samples of health workers who were selected using a stratified two-stage sampling technique, from health facilities of the Horo Guduru Wollega Zone from May to June 2021. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the HCWs. The information collected was entered to EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 software for further analyses. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with the KA practice of the HCWs. Those variables with a value <05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered as statistically significantly associated with the outcome variable.
Among the participating HCWs, 208 (64%; 95% CI: (58.8%, 69.2%)) of them had good practices of prevention and control measures of COVID-19 with the mean (±SD) practice score was 7.63 ± 2.45. Multivariable binary logistic regression revealed that being a health center worker (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: (0.19, 0.60)), being trained (AOR = 0.41, 95% CI: (0.21, 0 .82)), and having sufficient knowledge (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: (1.35, 5.53)) were significantly associated with good preventive practice.
The overall magnitude of practice of prevention and control measures of COVID-19 was not sufficient. Therefore, strategies for enhancing the capacity of healthcare workers to exercise practices of prevention and control measures of COVID-19 are needed.
一种新型冠状病毒，即导致冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病毒，于 2019 年 12 月在中国武汉首次被发现。该病毒影响呼吸系统，具有高度传染性，可在人与人之间传播。由于医护人员的工作性质，他们面临更大的风险，他们既要照顾 COVID-19 患者，也要照顾非 COVID-19 患者。对疾病缺乏了解直接影响早期诊断和治疗，这可能导致感染在社区内迅速传播。对疾病有足够的了解总是会影响个人的态度和行为。然而，在资源有限的国家，包括埃塞俄比亚，关于医护人员（HCWs）对 COVID-19 的知识、态度、实践以及预防和控制措施的认识及其相关因素的证据有限。
本研究采用 2021 年 5 月至 6 月在 Horo Guduru Wollega 区卫生设施中使用分层两阶段抽样技术选择的 334 名卫生工作者的基于机构的横断面研究设计。使用结构化的自我管理问卷从 HCWs 收集数据。收集到的信息被输入到 EpiData 版本 3.1 并导出到 SPSS 版本 21 软件进行进一步分析。采用单变量和多变量二项逻辑回归分析确定与 HCWs 知识、态度和实践相关的因素。那些具有 值<0.05 和 95%置信区间（CI）的变量被认为与因变量具有统计学显著相关性。
在所参与的 HCWs 中，有 208 人（64%；95%CI：（58.8%，69.2%））对 COVID-19 的预防和控制措施有良好的实践，平均（±SD）实践分数为 7.63±2.45。多变量二项逻辑回归显示，作为卫生中心工作人员（AOR=0.34，95%CI：（0.19，0.60））、接受培训（AOR=0.41，95%CI：（0.21，0.82））和具有足够的知识（AOR=2.73，95%CI：（1.35，5.53））与良好的预防实践显著相关。
COVID-19 预防和控制措施的总体实践水平不足。因此，需要制定加强医护人员实施 COVID-19 预防和控制措施的能力的战略。
