Unit of Histology and Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
Clínica Fisioterapia Océano, Servicio de Fisioterapia, Calle Las Palmas, 55, 28938 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
Pain Res Manag. 2022 Jul 5;2022:8920252. doi: 10.1155/2022/8920252. eCollection 2022.
Numerous studies have suggested that the myofascial trigger points are responsible for most of the myofascial pain syndrome, so it seems reasonable that its destruction is a good therapeutic solution. The effectiveness of dry needling (DN) has been confirmed in muscles with myofascial trigger points, hypertonicity, and spasticity. The objective of this study is to analyze the need of repetitive punctures on muscles in different situations. The levator auris longus (LAL) muscle and gastrocnemius muscle from adult male Swiss mice were dissected and maintained alive, while being submerged in an oxygenated Ringer's solution. DN was evaluated under four animal models, mimicking the human condition: normal healthy muscles, muscle fibers with contraction knots, muscles submerged in a depolarizing Ringer solution (KCl-CaCl), and muscles submerged in Ringer solution with formalin. Thereafter, samples were evaluated with optical microscopy (LAL) and scanning electron microscopy (gastrocnemius). Healthy muscles allowed the penetration of needles between fibers with minimal injuries. In muscles with contraction knots, the needle separated many muscle fibers, and several others were injured, while blood vessels and intramuscular nerves were mostly not injured. Muscles submerged in a depolarizing solution inducing sustained contraction showed more injured muscular fibers and several muscle fibers separated by the needle. Finally, the muscles submerged in Ringer solution with formalin showed a few number of injured muscular fibers and abundant muscle fibers separated by the needle. Scanning electron microscopy images confirm the optical analyses. In summary, dry needling is a technique that causes mild injury irrespective of the muscle tone.
大量研究表明肌筋膜触发点是大多数肌筋膜疼痛综合征的原因，因此破坏肌筋膜触发点似乎是一种合理的治疗方法。干针（DN）在有肌筋膜触发点、肌肉紧张和痉挛的肌肉中已被证实有效。本研究的目的是分析在不同情况下对肌肉进行重复针刺的必要性。从成年雄性瑞士小鼠中分离出并保持耳长肌（LAL）和腓肠肌活体，同时将其浸没在充氧的林格氏溶液中。DN 在四种模拟人类状况的动物模型下进行评估：正常健康肌肉、有收缩结的肌肉纤维、浸没在去极化林格氏溶液（KCl-CaCl）中的肌肉和浸没在含甲醛的林格氏溶液中的肌肉。然后，使用光学显微镜（LAL）和扫描电子显微镜（腓肠肌）对样本进行评估。健康肌肉允许针在纤维之间穿透，对纤维的损伤最小。在有收缩结的肌肉中，针分离了许多肌肉纤维，还有一些纤维受损，而血管和肌内神经大多未受损。浸没在去极化溶液中导致持续收缩的肌肉显示出更多受损的肌肉纤维和被针分离的几个肌肉纤维。最后，浸没在含甲醛的林格氏溶液中的肌肉显示出少量受损的肌肉纤维和大量被针分离的肌肉纤维。扫描电子显微镜图像证实了光学分析。总之，干针是一种无论肌肉紧张度如何都会造成轻度损伤的技术。
