中国牙医和牙科护士心理困扰的职业差异
Occupational Differences in Psychological Distress Between Chinese Dentists and Dental Nurses.
作者信息
Zhang Yingying, Yan Li, Long Huiqing, Yang Lu, Wang Jing, Liu Yiyun, Pu Juncai, Liu Li, Zhong Xiaogang, Xin Jin
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Psychoseomadsy, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 1;13:923626. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.923626. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Doctors and allied health professionals are facing serious mental health issues, which have received widespread attention. This study aimed to explore the occupational differences in psychological distress between Chinese dentists and dental nurses.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The data was collected from a cross-sectional study conducted by the Chongqing Stomatological Association. Medical personnel involved in this survey were invited to complete a battery of self-administrated questionnaires, specifically the General Health Questionnaire-12, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and career choice regret scale. Data on demographic characteristics and working conditions were also collected. The results of these questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS (version 23.0). Univariate and multivariable analyzes were conducted to explore the influencing factors.
RESULTS
A total of 3,020 valid questionnaires, including 1,855 dentists and 1,165 dental nurses, were collected from 11 provinces of China. In general, 23.8% of responders exhibited psychological distress. The rate of dentists was 25.7%, and that of dental nurses was 20.8%. The prevalence was 4.9% higher in dentists than in dental nurses ( < 0.05). The multivariable analysis showed that factors associated with psychological distress for dentists were lower income, burnout, high job stress, career-choice regret, and lack of sufficient personal time, and that for dental nurses were age, lower income, longer working hours per week, burnout, high job stress, low job satisfaction, lack of sufficient personal time, and poor medical environment.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of psychological distress was relatively high among dental medical staff, and dentists showed a higher prevalence than dental nurses. Nurses have more risk factors for psychological distress than dentists. These results indicate that it is necessary to monitor the mental health status of dental medical staff and implement accurate strategies for dentists and dental nurses to promote their physical and mental health.
背景
医生和相关健康专业人员正面临严重的心理健康问题，这已受到广泛关注。本研究旨在探讨中国牙医和牙科护士在心理困扰方面的职业差异。
材料与方法
数据来自重庆市口腔医学会开展的一项横断面研究。参与此次调查的医务人员被邀请完成一系列自填式问卷，具体包括一般健康问卷-12、马氏职业倦怠量表和职业选择后悔量表。还收集了人口统计学特征和工作条件的数据。这些问卷的结果使用SPSS（版本23.0）进行分析。进行单变量和多变量分析以探讨影响因素。
结果
从中国11个省份共收集到3020份有效问卷，其中包括1855名牙医和1165名牙科护士。总体而言，23.8%的受访者表现出心理困扰。牙医的比例为25.7%，牙科护士的比例为20.8%。牙医的患病率比牙科护士高4.9%（<0.05）。多变量分析表明，与牙医心理困扰相关的因素有收入较低、职业倦怠、工作压力大、职业选择后悔以及个人时间不足，而与牙科护士心理困扰相关的因素有年龄、收入较低、每周工作时间较长、职业倦怠、工作压力大、工作满意度低、个人时间不足以及医疗环境差。
结论
牙科医务人员中心理困扰的患病率相对较高，且牙医的患病率高于牙科护士。护士比牙医有更多心理困扰的风险因素。这些结果表明，有必要监测牙科医务人员的心理健康状况，并针对牙医和牙科护士实施精准策略以促进他们的身心健康。
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