Devonport Tracey J, Chen-Wilson Chao-Hwa, Nicholls Wendy, Robazza Claudio, Cagas Jonathan Y, Fernández-Montalvo Javier, Choi Youngjun, Ruiz Montse C
Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Health, Education & Society, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jun 30;13:903096. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903096. eCollection 2022.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic people have endured potentially stressful challenges which have influenced behaviors such as eating. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of two brief interventions aimed to help individuals deal with food cravings and associated emotional experiences. Participants were 165 individuals residing in United Kingdom, Finland, Philippines, Spain, Italy, Brazil, North America, South Korea, and China. The study was implemented remotely, thus without any contact with researchers, and involved two groups. Group one participants were requested to use daily diaries for seven consecutive days to assess the frequency of experience of their food cravings, frequency of giving in to cravings, and difficulty resisting cravings, as well as emotional states associated with their cravings. In addition to completing daily food diaries, participants in group two were asked to engage in mindful eating practice and forming implementation intentions. Participants assessed their perceived changes in eating, wellbeing, and health at the beginning and end of the intervention. Repeated measures MANOVAs indicated that participants experienced significantly less food cravings (i.e., craving experience, acting on cravings, difficulty resisting), as well as lower intensities of unpleasant states associated with cravings across time (T1 vs. T7). In contrast to our hypothesis, the main effects of the group (food craving diary vs. food craving diary and mindful eating practice) were not significant. Participants reported less eating and enhanced wellbeing at the end of the study (T7 vs. T1). Our findings can be used to inform future remote interventions to manage food cravings and associated emotions and highlight the need for alternative solutions to increase participant engagement.
由于新冠疫情,人们经历了可能带来压力的挑战,这些挑战影响了饮食等行为。这项初步研究考察了两种简短干预措施的效果,旨在帮助个人应对食物渴望及相关的情绪体验。参与者为居住在英国、芬兰、菲律宾、西班牙、意大利、巴西、北美、韩国和中国的165个人。该研究通过远程方式实施,即不与研究人员有任何接触,且涉及两个组。第一组参与者被要求连续七天使用日常日记来评估他们食物渴望的体验频率、屈服于渴望的频率、抗拒渴望的难度,以及与渴望相关的情绪状态。除了完成日常饮食日记外,第二组参与者被要求进行正念饮食练习并形成实施意图。参与者在干预开始和结束时评估了他们在饮食、幸福感和健康方面的感知变化。重复测量多变量方差分析表明,参与者在一段时间内(T1与T7)经历的食物渴望显著减少(即渴望体验、按渴望行事、抗拒渴望的难度),以及与渴望相关的不愉快状态的强度降低。与我们的假设相反,组间的主要效应(食物渴望日记组与食物渴望日记和正念饮食练习组)并不显著。参与者在研究结束时(T7与T1)报告饮食减少且幸福感增强。我们的研究结果可用于为未来管理食物渴望及相关情绪的远程干预提供参考,并强调需要替代解决方案以提高参与者的参与度。