幼儿龋齿的社会和行为决定因素：哈里亚纳邦安巴拉地区的一项横断面研究。

Social and behavioral determinants of early childhood caries: A cross-sectional study within region of Ambala, Haryana.

作者信息

Chhabra Chaya, Sogi H P Suma, Chhabra Kumar Gaurav, Rana Swati, Gupta Sarudhir, Sharma Priyanka

机构信息

Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, NIMS Dental College and Hosspital NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, MM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.

出版信息

J Educ Health Promot. 2022 Jun 11;11:168. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1060_21. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1060_21

PMID:35847138

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9277766/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Early childhood caries is like an epidemic, especially in the developing world, hence exploring its appropriate factors in causing the disease the need of the hour. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate social and behavioral determinants of early childhood caries within the region of Ambala, Haryana.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The present survey elaborated oral examination among 398 study participants within the age group of 4-5 years. Carious tooth was recorded using Gruebbel's deft DEFT index using clean mouth mirror and probe. A questionnaire comprising 21 questions in English as well as Hindi was prepared. There was an interviewer who took the interview of parents or caregivers. The questionnaire consisted of questions which were aimed at gaining information regarding infants feeding practice, social factors, and dental health behavior. The results of the study were tabulated, and inferential statistics were applied using ANOVA test along with regression (multiple logistic) procedure.

RESULTS

The occurrence of caries was affected by the behavioral factors such as breastfeeding habits, bottle feeding habits, age of beginning of solid foods in children. There was no influence of age of beginning of taking fluid from cup. Besides social factors like annual family income, education of mothers, age of mother at the time of birth of children, age of children, order of children in the family had a significant effect over the occurrence and severity and extent of caries. Factors such as gender of children and profession of mother did not have had a significant role in early childhood caries. Dental health habits such as tooth brushing frequency, brushing under supervision, frequency of toothbrushing, quantity of toothpaste used had a significant effect over the frequency, and acerbity of caries in early infanthood.

CONCLUSION

It can be concluded from this study that there is a significant correlation between several social and behavioral determinants and early childhood caries.

摘要

背景

幼儿龋齿犹如一场流行病，在发展中国家尤为严重，因此当下亟需探究引发该疾病的相关因素。故而，本研究旨在评估哈里亚纳邦安巴拉地区幼儿龋齿的社会和行为决定因素。

材料与方法

本次调查对398名年龄在4至5岁的研究参与者进行了口腔检查。使用干净的口镜和探针，采用格鲁贝尔的乳牙龋失补牙面指数（DEFT指数）记录龋患牙齿情况。编制了一份包含21个英文及印地文问题的问卷。由一名访谈者对家长或照顾者进行访谈。问卷中的问题旨在获取有关婴儿喂养习惯、社会因素和口腔健康行为的信息。对研究结果进行列表，并使用方差分析（ANOVA）测试以及回归（多重逻辑）程序进行推断统计。

结果

龋齿的发生受母乳喂养习惯、奶瓶喂养习惯、儿童开始食用固体食物的年龄等行为因素影响。从杯子中开始饮用液体的起始年龄没有影响。此外，诸如家庭年收入、母亲受教育程度、生育孩子时母亲的年龄、孩子的年龄、孩子在家庭中的排行等社会因素对龋齿的发生、严重程度和范围有显著影响。儿童性别和母亲职业等因素在幼儿龋齿中没有显著作用。刷牙频率、在监督下刷牙、刷牙次数、所用牙膏量等口腔健康习惯对幼儿期龋齿的发生频率和严重程度有显著影响。