USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Unit, Salinas, CA 93905, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2022 Oct 12;115(5):1712-1718. doi: 10.1093/jee/toac106.
There is a need for alternative treatments for postharvest pests on stored products. In this study, 45-d long-term controlled atmosphere (CA) treatments with 3, 5, 6.5, and 8% O2 were studied to determine effects on survival and development of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) and confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) eggs and susceptibility of different life stages to a 14-d 5% O2 treatment. Low oxygen treatments were effective against S. oryzae and T. confusum. The 45-d CA treatments with 6.5, 5, and 3% O2 resulted in 0.26, 0.004, and 0% survival rates from egg to adult respectively for S. oryzae and 6.51, 0.14, and 0% survival rates from egg to later stages respectively for T. confusum. For both species, eggs were more susceptible to low oxygen treatment than larvae or pupae. A 14-d CA treatment with 5% O2 resulted in 4.9 and 3.3% survival of eggs of S. oryzae and T. confusum, respectively, as compared with over 50% survival of larvae and pupae for both species. S. oryzae adults, however, were very susceptible to low oxygen treatment and 14-d exposure to 5% O2 atmosphere resulted in zero survival. In contrast, the 14-d exposure to 5% O2 atmosphere resulted in over 94% survival for T. confusum adults. This study suggested there were considerable differences between stored product insects in susceptibility to low oxygen treatment and that long-term CA storage treatments with a low oxygen level of ≤6.5 and ≤5% have potential in controlling S. oryzae and T. confusum, respectively.
需要寻找替代方法来防治储粮害虫。在本研究中，研究了 45 天长时间控制大气（CA）处理，分别为 3%、5%、6.5%和 8%O2，以确定其对米象（Sitophilus oryzae）和赤拟谷盗（Tribolium confusum）卵的存活和发育的影响，以及不同发育阶段对 14 天 5%O2处理的敏感性。低氧处理对 S.oryzae 和 T.confusum 有效。6.5%、5%和 3%O2 的 45 天长时间 CA 处理分别导致 S.oryzae 卵到成虫的存活率为 0.26%、0.004%和 0%，T.confusum 卵到后期的存活率分别为 6.51%、0.14%和 0%。对于这两个物种，卵比幼虫或蛹对低氧处理更敏感。与两种幼虫和蛹的存活率均超过 50%相比，14 天 CA 处理 5%O2 导致 S.oryzae 和 T.confusum 的卵存活率分别为 4.9%和 3.3%。然而，S.oryzae 成虫对低氧处理非常敏感，14 天暴露于 5%O2 大气中导致零存活。相比之下，14 天暴露于 5%O2 大气中导致 T.confusum 成虫的存活率超过 94%。本研究表明，储粮害虫对低氧处理的敏感性存在很大差异，低氧水平≤6.5%和≤5%的长期 CA 储存处理分别具有控制 S.oryzae 和 T.confusum 的潜力。
