Shi Changrong, Xiao Yongshun, Chen Zhiqiang
Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
Phys Med. 2022 Sep;101:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.07.001. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
PURPOSE: Computed Tomography (CT) has been widely used in the medical field. Sparse-view CT is an effective and feasible method to reduce the radiation dose. However, the conventional filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm will suffer from severe artifacts in sparse-view CT. Iterative reconstruction algorithms have been adopted to remove artifacts, but they are time-consuming due to repeated projection and back projection and may cause blocky effects. To overcome the difficulty in sparse-view CT, we proposed a dual-domain sparse-view CT algorithm CT Transformer (CTTR) and paid attention to sinogram information. METHODS: CTTR treats sinograms as sentences and enhances reconstructed images with sinogram's characteristics. We qualitatively evaluate the CTTR, an iterative method TVM-POCS, a convolutional neural network based method FBPConvNet in terms of a reduction in artifacts and a preservation of details. Besides, we also quantitatively evaluate these methods in terms of RMSE, PSNR and SSIM. RESULTS: We evaluate our method on the Lung Image Database Consortium image collection with different numbers of projection views and noise levels. Experiment studies show that, compared with other methods, CTTR can reduce more artifacts and preserve more details on various scenarios. Specifically, CTTR improves the FBPConvNet performance of PSNR by 0.76dB with 30 projections. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of our proposed CTTR is better than the method based on CNN in the case of extremely sparse views both on visual results and quantitative evaluation. Our proposed method provides a new idea for the application of Transformers to CT image processing.
目的:计算机断层扫描(CT)已在医学领域广泛应用。稀疏视图CT是一种降低辐射剂量的有效可行方法。然而,传统的滤波反投影(FBP)算法在稀疏视图CT中会产生严重伪影。迭代重建算法已被用于去除伪影,但由于重复的投影和反投影,它们耗时较长,并且可能会产生块状效应。为了克服稀疏视图CT中的困难,我们提出了一种双域稀疏视图CT算法CT Transformer(CTTR),并关注了正弦图信息。 方法:CTTR将正弦图视为句子,并利用正弦图的特征增强重建图像。我们从减少伪影和保留细节方面对CTTR、一种迭代方法TVM-POCS、一种基于卷积神经网络的方法FBPConvNet进行定性评估。此外,我们还从均方根误差(RMSE)、峰值信噪比(PSNR)和结构相似性(SSIM)方面对这些方法进行定量评估。 结果:我们在不同投影视图数量和噪声水平的肺部图像数据库协会图像集上评估我们的方法。实验研究表明,与其他方法相比,CTTR在各种场景下可以减少更多伪影并保留更多细节。具体而言,在30次投影时,CTTR将FBPConvNet的PSNR性能提高了0.76dB。 结论:在极稀疏视图情况下,我们提出的CTTR在视觉结果和定量评估方面的性能均优于基于卷积神经网络的方法。我们提出的方法为Transformer在CT图像处理中的应用提供了新思路。
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