Wang Shuang-Ying, Yang Zi-Jing, Meng Yu-Hang, Yang Wei-Bin
Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029, China.
Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 Jul;47(14):3956-3962. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220427.501.
Wumei Pills originates from Treatise on Cold Damage. A total of 128 records on it were screened out, involving 102 ancient books, 110 modern clinical studies, and 48 diseases. According to the records, the prescription origin, prescription composition, prescription explanation, main indications, dosage, medicinal processing, preparation, and usage, contraindications, and mo-dern clinical applications were analyzed. The result shows that Wumei Pills is composed of Mume Fructus, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Coptidis Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex. The main indications expand over time, and it can be applied to diarrhea, dysentery, retching, chest pain, cough, Qi ascending from lower abdomen, and reversal cold of hands and feet with the syndromes of cold and heat in complexity and hyperactivity of liver Yang and spleen deficiency. According to modern clinical records, it is mainly used for the treatment of diseases in the digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system, metabolic system, etc., such as ulcerative colitis, diarrhea, insomnia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The dosage of Wumei Pills has gradually reduced from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, but the proportions of the medicinals has remained basically unchanged. In this prescription, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Zanthoxyli Pericarpium need to be processed, while the rest medicinals are used in raw form. As for the medicinal selection, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium is examinable. Asari Radix et Rhizoma is derived from Aristolochiaceae, which is toxic to the liver and kidney, so the dosage should be kept in a safe range. In summary, Wumei Pills has great clinical value. The textual research on Wumei Pills helps clarify the development of Wumei Pills, which provides evidence in-depth research and development and rational clinical application of Wumei Pills.
乌梅丸出自《伤寒论》。共筛选出128条关于它的记载，涉及102部古籍、110项现代临床研究以及48种疾病。依据这些记载，对其方剂来源、方剂组成、方解、主治、用量、药物炮制、制剂、用法、禁忌以及现代临床应用进行了分析。结果显示，乌梅丸由乌梅、细辛、干姜、黄连、当归、附子、花椒、桂枝、人参、黄柏组成。其主治范围随时间推移有所拓展，可用于治疗泄泻、痢疾、干呕、胸痛、咳嗽、气从少腹上冲、手足厥寒等寒热错杂、肝阳上亢兼脾虚之证。根据现代临床记载，它主要用于治疗消化系统、神经系统、内分泌系统、代谢系统等的疾病，如溃疡性结肠炎、腹泻、失眠以及2型糖尿病等。乌梅丸的用量自汉代至清代逐渐减少，但药物比例基本保持不变。在此方剂中，附子和花椒需炮制，其余药物为生用。在用药选择方面，花椒可作考察。细辛来源于马兜铃科，对肝肾有毒性，故用量应控制在安全范围内。综上所述，乌梅丸具有重大临床价值。对乌梅丸的考证有助于厘清其发展脉络，为乌梅丸的深入研发及临床合理应用提供依据。
