Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Nov;63(33):12476-12487. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101984. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
White rice is the food more than half of the world's population depends on. White rice intake can significantly increase the glycemic load of consumers and bring some adverse health effects. However, the quality of evidence implicating white rice in adverse health outcomes remains unclear. To evaluate the association between white rice consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes, a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the relevant publications were performed. Twenty-three articles including 28 unique prospective cohorts with 1,527,198 participants proved eligible after a comprehensive search in four databases. For the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the pooled RR was 1.18 (16 more per 1000 persons) for comparing the highest with the lowest category of white rice intake, with moderate certainty evidence. Females presented a higher risk (23 more per 1000 persons) in subgroup analysis. And every additional 150 grams of white rice intake per day was associated with a 6% greater risk of T2DM (5 more per 1000 persons) with a linear positive trend. We found no significant associations between white rice intake and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), CVD mortality, cancer, and metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, moderate certainty evidence demonstrated that white rice intake was associated with T2DM risk, with a linear positive trend. However, low to very low certainty of evidence suggested that no substantial associations were found between white rice intake and other cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes. More cohorts are needed to strength the evidence body.
白米饭是全世界一半以上人口的主食。白米饭的摄入会显著增加消费者的血糖负荷，并带来一些不良健康影响。然而，将白米饭与不良健康结果联系起来的证据质量仍不清楚。为了评估白米饭摄入与心血管代谢和癌症结局风险之间的关联，对相关文献进行了系统评价和剂量-反应荟萃分析。经过对四个数据库的全面搜索，有 23 篇文章，包括 28 个独特的前瞻性队列，涉及 1527198 名参与者，被证明符合条件。对于 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的风险，最高与最低白米饭摄入量类别相比， pooled RR 为 1.18（每 1000 人增加 16 例），具有中度确定性证据。在亚组分析中，女性的风险更高（每 1000 人增加 23 例）。每天额外摄入 150 克白米饭与 T2DM 风险增加 6%（每 1000 人增加 5 例）呈线性正相关趋势。我们没有发现白米饭摄入量与心血管疾病（CVD）、CVD 死亡率、癌症和代谢综合征风险之间存在显著关联。总之，中度确定性证据表明，白米饭摄入与 T2DM 风险呈线性正相关。然而，低至非常低确定性的证据表明，白米饭摄入与其他心血管代谢和癌症结局之间没有实质性关联。需要更多的队列来加强证据基础。
