Yu Ya-Hui, Su Hui-Min, Lin Sheng-Hsiang, Hsiao Po-Chang, Lin Yi-Ting, Liu Chih-Min, Hwang Tzung-Jeng, Hsieh Ming H, Liu Chen-Chung, Chien Yi-Ling, Kuo Chian-Jue, Hwu Hai-Gwo, Chen Wei J
Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Schizophrenia (Heidelb). 2022 Apr 20;8(1):38. doi: 10.1038/s41537-022-00252-w.
Despite the consistent finding of an attenuated niacin-induced flush response in schizophrenia, its long-term stability and relationship to the membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels remain unknown. We conducted niacin skin tests and measured the membrane PUFAs using gas chromatography among 46 schizophrenia inpatients and 37 healthy controls at the baseline and the 2-month follow-up. Attenuated flush responses were persistently observed in schizophrenia patients in both acute and partial remission states, whereas an increased flush response was found in the controls. A persistent decrease in both dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and an increased turnover of arachidonic acid (ARA) via endogenous biosynthesis were found in schizophrenia patients. A composite niacin flush score by combining those with a control-to-case ratio of >1.4 (i.e., scores at 5 min of 0.1 M, 0.01 M, and 0.001 M + 10 min of 0.01 M and 0.001 M + 15 min of 0.001 M) at the baseline was correlated positively with ARA levels among controls but not among schizophrenia patients, whereas the flush score at the 2-month follow-up was correlated positively with ARA levels among patients. The 2-month persistence of attenuated niacin-induced flush response in schizophrenia patients implies that the niacin skin test might tap a long-term vulnerability to schizophrenia beyond acute exacerbation.
尽管在精神分裂症患者中一直发现烟酸诱导的潮红反应减弱，但其长期稳定性以及与膜多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）水平的关系仍不清楚。我们对46例精神分裂症住院患者和37名健康对照者在基线和2个月随访时进行了烟酸皮肤试验，并使用气相色谱法测量了膜PUFA。在急性和部分缓解状态的精神分裂症患者中均持续观察到潮红反应减弱，而在对照组中则发现潮红反应增强。在精神分裂症患者中发现二高-γ-亚麻酸和二十二碳六烯酸均持续下降，并且通过内源性生物合成的花生四烯酸（ARA）周转率增加。在基线时，将那些对照与病例比值>1.4（即0.1M、0.01M和0.001M时5分钟的得分+0.01M和0.001M时10分钟的得分+0.001M时15分钟的得分）组合而成的复合烟酸潮红评分与对照组中的ARA水平呈正相关，但与精神分裂症患者中的ARA水平无关，而在2个月随访时的潮红评分与患者中的ARA水平呈正相关。精神分裂症患者中烟酸诱导的潮红反应减弱持续2个月，这意味着烟酸皮肤试验可能揭示了精神分裂症急性加重之外的长期易感性。
