Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, 185 Pelham St, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia.
Biomedical Ethics Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
J Bioeth Inq. 2022 Sep;19(3):395-406. doi: 10.1007/s11673-022-10192-w. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
DNA databases have significant commercial value. Direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies have built databanks using samples and information voluntarily provided by customers. As the price of genetic analysis falls, there is growing interest in building such databases by paying individuals for their DNA and personal data. This paper maps the ethical issues associated with private companies paying for DNA. We outline the benefits of building better genomic databases and describe possible concerns about crowding out, undue inducement, exploitation, and commodification. While certain objections deserve more empirical and philosophical investigation, we argue that none currently provide decisive reasons against using financial incentives to secure DNA samples.
DNA 数据库具有重要的商业价值。直接面向消费者的基因检测公司利用客户自愿提供的样本和信息建立了数据库。随着基因分析价格的下降，人们越来越感兴趣的是通过向个人支付 DNA 和个人数据的费用来建立此类数据库。本文绘制了与私营公司为 DNA 付费相关的伦理问题图。我们概述了建立更好的基因组数据库的好处，并描述了可能对挤出、过度诱导、剥削和商品化的担忧。虽然某些反对意见需要更多的经验和哲学研究，但我们认为，目前没有任何反对意见提供了反对使用经济激励措施来获取 DNA 样本的决定性理由。
