配方奶喂养婴儿胃食管反流的医学和营养管理的疗效和安全性：叙述性综述。
Efficacy and safety of medical and nutritional management of gastroesophageal reflux in formula-fed infants: a narrative review.
机构信息
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, UZ Brussel, KidZ Health Castle.
Department of Pediatrics, C.H.U. Saint-Pieter, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
出版信息
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2022 Oct 1;34(5):503-509. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001147. Epub 2022 Jul 18.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The prescription of proton pump inhibitors has an increasing trend, despite that guidelines recommend nutritional management as first-line management. A thickened antiregurgitation formula is recommended in formula-fed infants. In this review we focus on the novel insights in management of formula-fed infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
RECENT FINDINGS
New data are limited. Concerning thickened antiregurgitation formula, locust bean gum has been the most studied and has limited adverse effects. However, positive results were also obtained with pectin. The effect of pro- and prebiotics on regurgitation is unclear. The overlap between cow's milk allergy and gastroesophageal reflux remains a challenge.
SUMMARY
Very limited new data were published during the last 18 months. Thickened antiregurgitation formula is the first-line approach in formula-fed infants with GERD. No specific thickening agent can be recommended because of lack of comparative trials. Proton pump inhibitors are over prescribed in infants.
目的综述
尽管指南建议将营养管理作为一线管理，但质子泵抑制剂的处方呈上升趋势。对于配方奶喂养的婴儿，建议使用增稠抗反流配方。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了管理胃食管反流病（GERD）的配方奶喂养婴儿的新见解。
最近的发现
新数据有限。关于增稠抗反流配方，槐豆胶是研究最多的，且副作用有限。然而，果胶也取得了积极的结果。益生菌和益生元对反流的影响尚不清楚。牛奶过敏和胃食管反流之间的重叠仍然是一个挑战。
总结
在过去的 18 个月中，仅发表了非常有限的新数据。对于 GERD 的配方奶喂养婴儿，增稠抗反流配方是一线治疗方法。由于缺乏对照试验，无法推荐特定的增稠剂。质子泵抑制剂在婴儿中被过度开具。
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