Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Nadezhda Multiprofile Women's Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2022 Jun 30;64(3):380-387. doi: 10.3897/folmed.64.e64741.
Despite being a physiological condition, human pregnancy is known to cause numerous complications that can endanger the life of the mother and the fetus alike. While the majority of complications are mostly limited within the peripartum period, more and more information is available about persistently higher short- and long-term cardiovascular risk after a pregnancy complicated by a hypertensive disorder. There is evidence that women after gestational hypertension or preeclampsia are more likely to develop arterial hypertension, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and even diabetes mellitus and venous thromboembolism years after the target pregnancy. This has urged some authors to view hypertensive disorders of pregnancy as a "stress test" for the maternal organism that unmasks latent endothelial dysfunction. An explanation is sought in the presence of common risk factors and underlying pathological pathways with cardiovascular diseases, although a certain etiological mechanism for the development of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy has not been established yet. More attention is needed towards the follow-up of women after a hypertensive pregnancy as it could be an opportunity for early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
尽管妊娠是一种生理状况，但众所周知，它会引起许多并发症，危及母婴生命。虽然大多数并发症主要局限于围产期，但越来越多的信息表明，妊娠并发高血压疾病后，女性的短期和长期心血管风险持续升高。有证据表明，患有妊娠高血压或子痫前期的女性在妊娠后数年更容易发生动脉高血压、冠状动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、中风、外周动脉疾病，甚至糖尿病和静脉血栓栓塞。这促使一些作者将妊娠高血压疾病视为揭示潜在内皮功能障碍的“应激试验”。尽管尚未确定妊娠高血压疾病的发展存在特定的病因机制，但人们试图在心血管疾病的常见危险因素和潜在病理途径中寻找解释。需要更多关注妊娠高血压女性的随访，因为这可能是早期预防心血管疾病的机会。
