Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Jul;26(13):4677-4692. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202207_29192.
The escalation of cancer cases globally, especially breast cancer, is of concern. Angiogenesis is hallmark of cancer pathogenesis and plays an important role in cancer progression and metastasis. Pro-angiogenic agents, secreted by tumor cells, form new blood vessels, and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS promote angiogenesis via two major pathways: namely Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) dependent and non-VEGF dependent pathways. As a consequence of unbalanced ROS overproduction and low antioxidants levels, oxidative stress occurs and promotes angiogenesis in breast cancer tissues. Thus, the potential use of antioxidants as a preventive therapy in breast cancer. Preclinical studies depict that vitamins A and E may counter oxidative stress resulting in reduction of metastasis and viability of breast cancer. Furthermore, clinical studies demonstrate a decline in breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women upon the consumption of antioxidants. Herein, we discuss various pro-angiogenic agents that may play an important role in breast cancer angiogenesis. Moreover, the contribution of oxidative stress in inducing the angiogenic process is extensively reviewed here. Furthermore, the findings of pre-clinical and clinical studies on the use of antioxidants, namely vitamins A and E, in breast cancer are deliberated upon, along with the role of angiogenesis in cancer therapy.
全球范围内癌症病例的不断增加，特别是乳腺癌，引起了人们的关注。血管生成是癌症发病机制的标志，在癌症的发展和转移中起着重要作用。肿瘤细胞分泌的促血管生成因子形成新的血管，并产生活性氧（ROS）。ROS 通过两种主要途径促进血管生成：即血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）依赖性和非 VEGF 依赖性途径。由于 ROS 产生过多和抗氧化剂水平低导致的不平衡，氧化应激发生，并促进乳腺癌组织中的血管生成。因此，抗氧化剂作为乳腺癌的预防治疗具有潜在的用途。临床前研究表明，维生素 A 和 E 可以对抗氧化应激，从而减少乳腺癌的转移和活力。此外，临床研究表明，绝经后妇女摄入抗氧化剂可降低乳腺癌的风险。本文讨论了可能在乳腺癌血管生成中起重要作用的各种促血管生成因子。此外，本文还广泛回顾了氧化应激在诱导血管生成过程中的作用。此外，还讨论了临床前和临床研究中使用抗氧化剂，即维生素 A 和 E，治疗乳腺癌的结果，以及血管生成在癌症治疗中的作用。
