Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 20;12(1):12397. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16649-7.
Outdoor biting constitutes a major limitation of current vector control based primarily on long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying, both of which are indoor interventions. Consequently, malaria elimination will not be achieved unless additional tools are found to deal with the residual malaria transmission and the associated vector dynamics. In this study we tested a new vector control approach for rapidly crashing mosquito populations and disrupting malaria transmission in Africa. This method targets the previously neglected swarming and outdoor nocturnal behaviors of both male and female Anopheles mosquitoes. It involved accurate identification and targeted spraying of mosquito swarms to suppress adult malaria vector populations and their vectorial capacities. The impact of targeted spraying was compared to broadcast spraying and evaluated simultaneously. The effects of the two interventions were very similar, no significant differences between targeted spraying and broadcast spraying were found for effects on density, insemination or parity rate. However, targeted spraying was found to be significantly more effective than broadcast spraying at reducing the number of bites per person. As expected, each intervention had a highly significant impact upon all parameters measured, but the targeted swarm spraying required less insecticide.
户外叮咬是目前主要基于长效驱虫蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒的病媒控制方法的主要局限性，这两种方法都是室内干预措施。因此，除非找到额外的工具来处理剩余的疟疾传播和相关的病媒动态，否则无法实现消除疟疾。在这项研究中，我们测试了一种新的病媒控制方法，以迅速降低蚊子种群数量并破坏非洲的疟疾传播。这种方法针对的是以前被忽视的雄性和雌性疟蚊的群集和户外夜间行为。它涉及到对蚊子群的准确识别和有针对性的喷洒，以抑制成蚊病媒种群及其媒介能力。靶向喷洒的效果与广播喷洒进行了比较，并同时进行了评估。两种干预措施的效果非常相似，靶向喷洒和广播喷洒对密度、授精或配种率的影响没有显著差异。然而，靶向喷洒在减少每人叮咬次数方面明显比广播喷洒更有效。正如预期的那样，每种干预措施对所有测量参数都有显著影响，但靶向喷洒所需的杀虫剂更少。
