School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
J Environ Public Health. 2022 Jul 11;2022:4493267. doi: 10.1155/2022/4493267. eCollection 2022.
Due to the practical needs, the lack of legal protection, and the lack of attention to these three factors under the existing legal framework of personality rights, these factors together determine the necessity of the establishment of personal information rights. As an emerging right of scientific and technological progress and big data application, how to define the right ownership, right object, and right content of personal information right in theory? Firstly, starting from the theory, this article summarizes the opinions and controversies of the academic circles on the relevant issues and tries to expound its own understanding and views on the basis of comprehensive evaluation. Combined with the introduction to the relevant cases, on the basis of theoretical research, I tried to analyze how to determine the constituent elements of the legal relationship of personal information right in judicial practice, so as to make the theoretical research and judicial practice closely combined. In addition, this article also lists and analyzes the legislative status quo of personal information right protection in twelve countries and regions and expounds three main issues in the legal relationship of personal information right under the background of big data from two aspects of theory and practice: (1) the definition of the scope of personal information; (2) subject identification under the application of network data; (3) a new understanding of the content of personal information right. The conclusion of this article has certain practical significance.
由于实际需要、缺乏法律保护以及现有人格权法律框架下对这三个因素缺乏关注，这三个因素共同决定了个人信息权的建立必要性。作为科学技术进步和大数据应用的新兴权利，如何在理论上定义个人信息权的权利归属、权利对象和权利内容？首先，从理论出发，本文总结了学术界对相关问题的意见和争议，并在综合评价的基础上尝试阐述自己的理解和观点。结合相关案例的介绍，在理论研究的基础上，我尝试分析了如何在司法实践中确定个人信息权法律关系的构成要素，从而使理论研究与司法实践紧密结合。此外，本文还列举和分析了十二个国家和地区个人信息权保护的立法现状，并从理论和实践两个方面阐述了大数据背景下个人信息权法律关系中的三个主要问题：（1）个人信息的范围界定；（2）网络数据应用下的主体识别；（3）对个人信息权内容的新理解。本文的结论具有一定的现实意义。
