Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Imaging, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 4;13:874007. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.874007. eCollection 2022.
Type 2 diabetes causes substantial long-term damage in several organs including the brain. Cognitive decline is receiving increased attention as diabetes has been established as an independent risk factor along with the identification of several other pathophysiological mechanisms. Early detection of detrimental changes in cerebral blood flow regulation may represent a useful clinical marker for development of cognitive decline for at-risk persons. Technically, reliable evaluation of neurovascular coupling is possible with several caveats but needs further development before it is clinically convenient. Different modalities including ultrasound, positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance are used preclinically to shed light on the many influences on vascular supply to the brain. In this narrative review, we focus on the complex link between type 2 diabetes, cognition, and neurovascular coupling and discuss how the disease-related pathology changes neurovascular coupling in the brain from the organ to the cellular level. Different modalities and their respective pitfalls are covered, and future directions suggested.
2 型糖尿病会对包括大脑在内的多个器官造成严重的长期损害。随着糖尿病被确定为一个独立的风险因素，以及发现了其他几个病理生理机制，认知能力下降受到了越来越多的关注。早期检测大脑血流调节的有害变化可能代表了一种有用的临床标志物，可用于识别有发展为认知能力下降风险的人群。从技术上讲，尽管存在一些限制，但可以使用几种技术可靠地评估神经血管耦合，但在临床应用方便之前还需要进一步开发。不同的模式，包括超声、正电子发射断层扫描和磁共振成像，在临床前被用于揭示对大脑血管供应的许多影响。在本叙述性综述中，我们重点关注 2 型糖尿病、认知能力和神经血管耦合之间的复杂联系，并讨论疾病相关病理如何从器官到细胞水平改变大脑中的神经血管耦合。涵盖了不同的模式及其各自的缺陷，并提出了未来的方向。
